我国高等教育中弱势群体“因教致贫”的政府责任研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 17:37

本文选题：高等教育 + 弱势群体　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国高等教育从1989年开始不再实施国家公费制度,转变为个人自费制度,即由原来的完全依靠国家财政补贴,转变为由家庭负担大部分学费。另一方面,许多弱势群体家庭子女在完成大学学业后,遭遇到了就业难的问题。这严重影响了弱势群体家庭的经济状况,因此,“因教致贫”现象出现在一些弱势群体家庭之中。政府应该对弱势群体“因教致贫”问题负主要责任,要解决弱势群体家庭“因教致贫”问题,就应当研究政府应承担哪些责任、应如何承担责任。本文以人力资本理论、高等教育成本分但理论、责任政府理论等为依据,对政府承担弱势群体因教致贫问题的责任进行分析,并且通过文献检索法、比较分析法、实证分析法等研究方法,试图探索政府解决该问题的新措施。本文可能的创新之处主要有：首先,本文用一分为二、辩证的角度来分析高等教育收益问题,通过实证分析证明了我国高等教育中因教致贫问题的存在,并对这一问题的规模进行了大致估算；其次,通过学费的跨国比较和实证分析,分析了当前我国弱势群体家庭的教育负担状况,充分证明了我国家庭所承担的高等教育费用以及高等教育学费过高,这一教育负担状况对于一部分低收入家庭来说是无法承受的,同时指出导致此现象产生的主要原因是政府责任的缺失。受笔者的写作时间以及研究水平的限制,无论在广度上还是深度上对于本论文的研究都存在一定程度上的不足之处,本论文最大的不足之处在于没有进行深入的实际调查研究,所搜集的资料,缺乏真正的第一手资料。这些不足之处需要在以后的研究当中不断克服,对本研究进行不断的完善。具体内容如下：第一章为绪论。主要介绍了本文的选题背景与意义、国内外研究现状、研究内容与方法、创新与不足之处。第二章为相关理论基础。主要介绍了“因教致贫”的内涵,弱势群体的概念,并以人力资本理论、高等教育成本分担理论、责任政府理论为基础,说明了政府应该承担高等教育的主要责任。第三章分析了我国弱势群体因教致贫问题的现状。主要对我国当前弱势群体因教致贫问题的现状进行介绍,并且进行了规模估算,并对这一问题产生的社会影响及原因进行了分析。其中,这一问题产生的社会影响主要有：合理的社会流动受阻；引致“读书无用”的示范效应；影响社会的和谐稳定。第四章分析了弱势群体因教致贫问题的政府责任。主要从以下几方面进行了详细分析：高等教育成本分担机制失衡、政府对高教教育财政支持不足、高校贫困生资助政策不健全、高校毕业生就业政策不完善。第五章为政府解决弱势群体因教致贫问题的对策。主要包括以下几点：增加教育财政支出,改革完善成本分担机制；提高教育资源使用效率,降低高等教育成本；重新设计高校学费收取制度；健全高校贫困生资助体系；完善高校毕业生就业体系。总之,我国弱势群体“因教致贫”问题具有长期性、艰巨性、复杂性的特点,因此,需要以政府为主导,同时,依靠全民力量共同解决。在这里我们有理由相信,我国政府对于这一问题的解决政策将不断完善,有关这一问题的理论也会进一步得到发展,高等教育中弱势群体“因教致贫”一定会得到解决。
[Abstract]:From the beginning of 1989, China's higher education has no longer implemented the state public fee system, which has changed into a personal self fee system, that is, from the original relying on the state financial subsidies, the family has changed into the majority of the tuition fees. On the other hand, many disadvantaged families have encountered difficulties in employment after completing their university studies. This has seriously affected the weakness. Because of the economic situation of the group family, the phenomenon of "teaching poor" appears in some vulnerable families.
The government should be responsible for the problem of "causing poverty by teaching" to the disadvantaged groups. In order to solve the problem of "teaching poverty" for the families of the disadvantaged groups, we should study the responsibilities and responsibilities of the government. This article is based on the theory of human capital, the cost of higher education, the theory of the government and the theory of the responsible government and so on. In order to explore the new measures for the government to solve the problem, the responsibility of the problem of teaching poverty is analyzed, and the methods of literature retrieval, comparative analysis, and empirical analysis are used to explore the government's solution to the problem.
The main innovations of this article are as follows: first, this paper analyzes the problem of higher education income with a split second and dialectical angle, and proves the existence of poverty in Higher Education in our higher education through empirical analysis, and gives a rough estimate of the scale of the problem. The education burden of the disadvantaged families in China is analyzed, which fully proves that the higher education costs and higher education fees are too high for the families of our country. The burden of education is unbearable for a part of low-income families, and the main reason for the emergence of the present image is the lack of government responsibility. The limitation of the author's writing time and the level of research, both in breadth and depth, is inadequacies in the study of this paper. The greatest weakness of this paper is that there is no in-depth practical investigation and research, the data collected and lack of real first-hand information. These deficiencies need to be found. In the future research, we constantly overcome and improve the research.
The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background and significance of this topic, the current research situation at home and abroad, the research contents and methods, innovations and deficiencies.
The second chapter is the basis of the related theory. It mainly introduces the connotation of "teaching poverty because of teaching", the concept of the disadvantaged group, and based on the theory of human capital, the theory of cost sharing of higher education and the theory of responsible government, which shows that the government should bear the main responsibility of higher education.
The third chapter analyzes the present situation of the vulnerable groups in our country because of teaching poverty. It mainly introduces the current situation of the poor groups in our country because of teaching poverty, and carries out the scale estimation, and analyzes the social influence and causes of this problem. The social impact of this problem is mainly: reasonable social flow. Impeding movement, leading to the demonstration effect of "useless reading", and affecting the social harmony and stability.
The fourth chapter analyzes the government's responsibility for the problem of poor education, mainly from the following aspects: the imbalance of the cost sharing mechanism of higher education, the government's lack of financial support for higher education education, the unsound subsidy policy for the poor students in Colleges and universities, and the imperfect employment policy of the college graduates.
The fifth chapter is the Countermeasures for the government to solve the problem of poverty reduction for the disadvantaged groups. The following are the following points: increasing the financial expenditure of education, reforming and perfecting the cost sharing mechanism, improving the efficiency of the use of educational resources, reducing the cost of higher education, redesigning the system of college tuition fee collection, the supporting system for the poor students in Colleges and universities, and perfecting the college finish. The employment system of the graduate students.
In a word, the problem of "causing poverty by teaching" in our country is long, arduous and complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to take the government as the leading role and rely on the power of the whole people to solve it together. Here we have reason to believe that our government will continue to improve the solution to this problem and the theory of this problem will be further improved. With the development of higher education, vulnerable groups in higher education will be solved by teaching poverty.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2;D630

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