大学生个体特征对创业动机影响机理的实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 14:11

【摘要】：创业活动对一国的经济和社会的发展十分重要,它能够促进地区经济的增长从而创造出大量新的工作机会。在知识经济时代，国家要实施创新创业战略，提升经济活力，必须依靠大量的创新创业活动。受过高等教育的大学生是知识型创业的重要潜在群体，然而我国大学生实际创业情况和创业能力和以美国为代表的西方国家相比，差距十分明显，需要积极的引导和提升。目前在学术界，对大学生个体特征这一对创业行为产生重要影响的因素研究不足，有关个体特征对创业动机的影响仍显不足，，同时也缺乏对创业动机影响机理的实证研究。本文围绕着“大学生个体特征如何影响其创业动机”这一基本研究问题，在回顾相关文献的基础上，构建了个体特征、创业效能感与创业动机的研究模型，并通过问卷调查获得了258份有效数据，运用因子分析、多元线性回归等统计方法对研究假设进行了验证。并通过温忠麟等介绍的中介检验方法考察创业效能感对个体特征和创业动机的中介效应。研究发现：（1）成就需要、创新精神、人际交往能力、发现机会能力对机会识别效能感有显著的正向影响；（2）风险偏好、创新精神，人际交往能力对风险容忍效能感有显著的正向影响；（3）机会识别效能感和风险容忍效能感均对创业动机有显著的正向影响；（4）内控倾向与创业效能感各维度没有显著相关性；（5）创业效能感对个体特征和创业动机具有部分中介效应。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurial activity is very important to the economic and social development of a country. It can promote the growth of regional economy and create a large number of new job opportunities. In the era of knowledge economy, the country must rely on a large number of innovative entrepreneurial activities in order to implement innovative entrepreneurial strategy and enhance economic vitality. College students with higher education are an important potential group for knowledge-based entrepreneurship. However, compared with the western countries represented by the United States, the actual entrepreneurial situation and entrepreneurial ability of college students in our country are quite different, and need to be actively guided and promoted. At present, in academic circles, there is a lack of research on the factors that have an important impact on entrepreneurial behavior, the influence of individual characteristics on entrepreneurial motivation is still insufficient, and there is also a lack of empirical research on the impact mechanism of entrepreneurial motivation. This paper focuses on the basic research of "how the individual characteristics of college students influence their entrepreneurial motivation". On the basis of reviewing the relevant literature, this paper constructs a research model of individual characteristics, entrepreneurial efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation. 258 valid data were obtained by questionnaire, and the hypothesis was verified by factor analysis and multivariate linear regression. The intermediary effect of entrepreneurial efficacy on individual characteristics and entrepreneurial motivation was investigated by the intermediary test method introduced by Wen Zhonglin. The results show that: (1) achievement needs, innovation spirit, interpersonal skills, opportunity ability have significant positive effects on opportunity recognition efficacy; (2) risk preference, innovation spirit, Interpersonal communication ability has significant positive influence on risk tolerance efficacy; (3) opportunity recognition efficacy and risk tolerance efficacy have significant positive effects on entrepreneurial motivation; (4) there is no significant correlation between internal control propensity and entrepreneurial efficacy. (5) Entrepreneurial efficacy has partial intermediary effect on individual characteristics and entrepreneurial motivation.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F272;G649.2;F224

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