我国当代大学生政治心态分析

发布时间：2018-09-05 06:39

【摘要】：政治心态,即政治心理态度,主要表现为政治取向方面的认知、情感、评价和动机,对大学生的政治参与起着支配性作用的政治心理取向。作为政治素质的核心,政治心态是大学生树立正确政治思想的关键,是其政治参与的内在驱动力,也是他们形成正确的世界观、人生观、价值观的心理基础。进入21世纪,由于改革开放向更深层次、更广领域不断推进,我国社会结构、经济成分、组织形式、就业方式、利益关系和分配方式日益多样化,当代大学生的政治信仰、思想观念、价值取向、行为方式都受到了较大的冲击。他们的政治心态与以往的大学生相比,也发生了较明显的变化。只有认真分析研究这种变化,才能准确把握其政治心态状况,为我们创新的开展有针对性的思想政治教育工作提供第一手资料和有力的现实依据,也为我们的思想政治教育工作顺利有效的开展提供有力保证。本文将结合自身的教育教学实践,以90后大学生为主要对象,用实证与理论相结合的方法对大学生的政治心态进行系统研究。为保证调查的严谨性和真实客观性,本次调查采用问道网在线问卷形式,以重庆建筑工程职业学院、重庆三峡学院、四川理工学院的学生为主对当前高校的大学生进行随机匿名问卷调查,对本校部分学生也进行了直接交谈。问卷共设计了50个问题,在线发布一个半月,收回问卷202份。调查问卷经过统计分析显示：我国当代大学生政治心态主流积极向上,对当前我国的政治指导思想、基本政治制度、政治体制、党的大政方针能够认同和拥护,已具有一定的参政、议政意识。具体体现在以下几个方面：政治认知多元开放;政治情感积极健康；政治评价趋于理性；政治动机呈现淡泊功利趋势。我们在充分肯定当代青年大学生政治心态的主流的同时,也需要对他们当中存在的问题作出足够的估计。调查显示,过去广泛存在于当代大学生中的几种不良政治心态依然存在,主要包括政治回避心态、政治激进心态、政治功利主义心态、政治逆反心态等。影响当代大学和政治心态的因素是多方面的,主要包括大学生的家庭背景、所处高校校园政治文化环境、社会矛盾和社会负面信息的影响、网络信息的复杂性、高校思想政治教育工作状况以及西方的政治意识的渗透等。为此,我们需要对当代大学生的政治心态进行优化和引导。那么在新的历史条件下,究竟应如何加强大学生的思想政治教育,调整大学生的政治心态呢?这正是本研究日的之所在。首先,我们要加强队伍建设,造就一批政治过硬、业务精湛的思想政治理论课教师队伍。具体而言,应严格实施教师准入制度,严把政治关、师德关和业务关；把思想政治理论课教师队伍建设摆在更加突出的位置；加快教师培养培训体系的制定和完善；思想政治理论课教师自身也要全面提高思想政治素质和业务素质。第二,用社会主义核心价值体系引领大学生主流意识。高校必须始终把社会主义核心价值体系作为教育学生的指导思想,把社会主义核心价值体系建设纳入其人才培养的全过程。在具体工作中,应加强社会主义核心价值体系的理论灌输；强化大学生的党史国情教育；弘扬和培育大学生的中华民族精神；把社会主义核心价值体系的要求融入实践体验活动中。第三,构筑高校与家庭、社会培育一体化环境。首先,高校思想政治教育工作者(包括思想政治理论课教师、校学工部、团委工作人员,院系党总支副书记、专职辅导员等)和家长应建立起和谐统一的伙伴关系,彼此平等合作,分担责任,共同为提升教育的整体质量,培育学生健康的政治心态而努力；同时,也决不能忽视学校与社会教育相结合的原则。第四,积极利用网络阵地,建立网络信息收集与引导机制。具体而言,高校要提升思政教育工作者的网络意识和网络素养,壮大网络思政工作力量;充分发挥网络在思想政治教育中的重要作用,建设好融思想性、知识性、趣味性、服务性于一体的思想政治教育专题网站,使其成为学生关注学校动态,交流沟通的有效平台；积极运用新媒体引导当代大学生树立健康科学的社会政治心态。第五,建立大学生政治心态失衡监测预警机制。在具体操作上,应建立院、系、班三级政治心态失衡预警机制；建立学生政治心态健康普查制度；建立学生政治心态状况汇报制度；建立学生政治心态工作应急机制。当然,所有这些教育调整对策,都包含在高校思想政治教育大系统之中,是高校所有教师尤其是我们思想政治理论课教师担负的共同责任。
[Abstract]:As the core of political quality, political mentality is the key for college students to establish correct political thought, the internal driving force of their political participation, and also the political mentality. It is the psychological foundation for them to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life and values.
In the 21st century, with the reform and opening-up going deeper and wider, China's social structure, economic composition, organizational forms, employment methods, interest relations and distribution methods are becoming more and more diversified. Contemporary college students'political beliefs, ideological concepts, value orientation and behavior have been greatly impacted. Comparing with the former college students, there have also been obvious changes. Only by careful analysis and study of these changes can we accurately grasp their political mentality, provide us with first-hand information and powerful realistic basis for carrying out innovative and targeted ideological and political education, and carry out our ideological and political education smoothly and effectively. Provide a strong guarantee.
In order to ensure the rigor and objectivity of the investigation, the online questionnaires are used in the survey, which is conducted by Chongqing Vocational College of Architectural Engineering and Chongqing Three Gorges University. The students of Sichuan Polytechnic College and Sichuan Polytechnic College conducted a random and anonymous questionnaire survey on college students and talked directly to some of the students in the college.
Statistical analysis of the questionnaire shows that the mainstream of political mentality of contemporary college students in China is positive, and they can identify with and support the current political guiding ideology, basic political system, political system, and the Party's major policy. They have a certain sense of participating in and discussing politics. While we fully affirm the mainstream of the political mentality of contemporary young college students, we also need to make adequate estimates of the existing problems. Surveys show that there were several kinds of bad politics widely existed in contemporary college students in the past. Mentality still exists, mainly including political avoidance mentality, political radical mentality, political utilitarianism mentality, political rebellion mentality and so on. Factors affecting contemporary universities and political mentality are various, mainly including college students'family background, the political and cultural environment of the University campus, social contradictions and the impact of negative social information, network. Therefore, we need to optimize and guide the political mentality of contemporary college students.
Under the new historical conditions, how on earth should we strengthen the ideological and political education of college students and adjust their political mentality? This is exactly what this study is today. First of all, we should strengthen the construction of the contingent and bring up a group of Ideological and political theory teachers with excellent politics and professional skills. Enter the system, strictly control the political, ethical and professional; put the construction of Ideological and Political Theory Teachers in a more prominent position; speed up the formulation and improvement of the training system for teachers; ideological and political theory teachers themselves should also comprehensively improve their ideological and political quality and professional quality. Second, use the socialist core value system. Colleges and universities must always take the socialist core value system as the guiding ideology for educating students and bring the construction of the socialist core value system into the whole process of personnel training. Third, to construct an integrated environment between colleges and families, and to cultivate the society. First of all, ideological and political education workers in Colleges and universities (including teachers of Ideological and political theory courses, school study and work departments, Youth League Committee staff, the general Party of colleges and departments) Party branch secretary, full-time counselor, etc.) and parents should establish a harmonious and unified partnership, cooperate equally with each other, share responsibilities, and work together to improve the overall quality of education and cultivate students'healthy political mentality; at the same time, we must not ignore the principle of combining school and social education. Fourth, actively use the network position to establish Specifically, colleges and universities should enhance the network awareness and network literacy of Ideological and political educators, strengthen the network ideological and political work force, give full play to the important role of the network in Ideological and political education, and build a ideological and political education website which combines ideological, intellectual, interesting and service. Make it an effective platform for students to pay attention to school dynamics and communicate; actively use new media to guide contemporary college students to establish a healthy and scientific social and political mentality. Fifthly, establish a monitoring and early warning mechanism for college students'political mentality imbalance. Of course, all these educational adjustment measures are included in the ideological and political education system, which is the common responsibility of all university teachers, especially our ideological and political theory teachers.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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