中美档案学硕士研究生教育的比较研究
发布时间：2018-09-11 08:48
【摘要】：二十世纪八十年代,中国开始真正进入档案学硕士研究生层次的高等教育。随着经济的不断发展,社会对高层次档案人才的需求也越来越旺盛,中国大陆地区获得档案学硕士学位授予权的高校也不断增多,档案学硕士研究生教育规模日益扩大,使档案学硕士研究生教育成为档案学界热切关注的主题。2011年11月,教育部高等学校档案学学科教学指导委员会年会暨第二十届档案学专业系主任会议在南京召开,会议主题为档案事业发展的人才需求和培养策略,再次引发了档案学界对档案学高等教育的高度关注。2011年12月,南京大学信息管理学院教研人员远赴美国访问,带来了美国档案职业及其档案教育最新的发展信息。由此笔者提出了“中美档案学硕士研究生教育的比较研究”论题。通过网络调研、问卷调研以及文献调研,从总体发展、专业招生、培养方案(含课程建设)、师资队伍以及学生就业五个方面,对中美档案学硕士研究生教育进行比较,揭示两国档案学硕士研究生教育的异同,分析其异同产生的原因,得出美国档案学硕士研究生教育对中国的启示。论文共分为以下8个章节：第一章绪论,介绍了论文的选题背景与研究意义,分析了目前国内外档案学硕士研究生教育的研究现状,对论文的内容、思路与方法进行了设计,对论文的研究对象进行了确立,最后提出了本论文的创新之处；第二章调查方案的制定与实施,介绍了问卷调研与网络调研的实施过程、开展时间以及取得的初步结果；第三章总体发展,从院校分布和院系隶属两方面分别介绍了中美两国档案学硕士研究生教育发展现状,比较两者的差异,发现受各自国情影响,美国档案学硕士研究生教育高校分布比中国档案学硕士研究生教育高校分布更加均衡。在院系隶属方面,中美两国的档案学硕士研究生教育主流隶属关系是将档案学归在图书馆情报学和档案管理一级学科下。第四章专业招生,从招生时间和生源结构入手对中美两国进行分析比较,发现由于受历史条件的限制,美国开展档案学硕士研究生教育的时间早于中国,同时在生源方面,其类型也是更为丰富；第五章培养方案,从培养目标和课程建设对中美两国的档案学硕士研究生教育进行比较分析,发现美国档案学硕士研究教育的培养目标比中国更丰富具体,同时在课程建设方面更具有职业导向性,更注重实践类课程的设置,培养的学生更符合市场需求。而中国的课程以理论性的教学为主,培养的学生不能很好地满足市场需求。但是在学科独立性方面,美国课程建设的独立性远不如中国；第六章师资队伍,从职称、年龄以及教师科研情况对中美两国的师资队伍进行比较,发现在年龄方面,美国的师资队伍老龄化趋势明显,而中国的档案学硕士研究生教育队伍主要有青壮年组成,十分有活力；此外美国师资队伍注重吸收档案工作实践经验丰富人才,而中国的档案学硕士研究生教育师资以纯学术型的教师为主,中国的这种师资结构已经显露出弊端；第七章学生就业,从职业导向性和就业途径两方面,对中美两国档案学硕士研究生培养的结果进行比较,发现美国较之中国更重视学生的就业规划；在硕士毕业生就业途径方面,两国学生的就业范围都较广,但是美国的就业类型更丰富；第八章启示,概括了中国档案学硕士研究生教育的优势与不足,提出中国档案学硕士研究生教育需要在培养目标制定方面、质量监督制度建设方面、档案学专业学位设置方面、导师队伍建设方面以及档案行业与教育制度联动改革方面下功夫,以提高本国档案学硕士研究生教育水平。
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, China began to enter the higher education of master's degree in archival science. With the continuous development of economy, the demand for high-level archival talents has become more and more vigorous. The number of colleges and universities in mainland China that have obtained the right to grant master's degree in archival science has also been increasing. The scale of master's degree in archival science is increasing. In November 2011, the annual meeting of the Archives Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education and the 20th meeting of the directors of archives departments were held in Nanjing. The theme of the meeting was the talent demand and training strategies for the development of archival undertakings, which once again triggered off. Archives academia pays close attention to archival higher education. In December 2011, the staff of the School of Information Management of Nanjing University visited the United States, bringing the latest development information of archival profession and its education in the United States. Questionnaire survey and literature survey are conducted to compare the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States from five aspects: overall development, professional enrollment, training program (including curriculum construction), faculty and student employment, reveal the similarities and differences of the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States, analyze the causes of the similarities and differences, and draw the conclusion of the American Master's degree of archival research. The thesis is divided into the following eight chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the thesis, analyzes the research status of the master's education of archives both at home and abroad, designs the contents, ideas and methods of the thesis, establishes the research object of the thesis, and finally puts forward Chapter 2 introduces the implementation process, time and preliminary results of the questionnaire survey and the network survey. Chapter 3 introduces the development status of archives master education in China and the United States from the aspects of University distribution and department subordination. It is found that the distribution of archival postgraduate education institutions in the United States is more balanced than that in China because of their respective national conditions. Chapter Four is about the enrollment of Postgraduates in Archives in the United States and China. By comparing the enrollment time and the source structure of students, it is found that due to historical constraints, the time of postgraduate education in Archives in the United States is earlier than that in China, and the types of postgraduate education in Archives are richer in terms of the source of students. Comparing with the curriculum construction in China and the United States, it is found that the training objectives of the master of archives research education in the United States are richer and more specific than those in China. At the same time, it is more career-oriented in curriculum construction. It pays more attention to the setting of practical courses and trains students to meet the market demand. However, the independence of curriculum construction in the United States is far less than that in China. Chapter 6 compares the teachers'ranks in China and the United States in terms of their professional titles, age and research situation. The aging trend of the teaching staff is obvious, and China's archives Master graduate education team is mainly composed of young and middle-aged, very dynamic; in addition, the U.S. faculty attaches great importance to the absorption of archives work experience, while China's archives Master graduate education teachers are mainly academic teachers, China's such a teacher knot. Chapter VII Student Employment, from the two aspects of career orientation and employment channels, compares the results of the cultivation of master's degree students in archives between China and the United States, and finds that the United States pays more attention to the employment planning of students than China; in the employment channels of graduates, the employment scope of students in both countries is wider, but the United States does. The eighth chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of China's Master of Archives graduate education, and points out that China's Master of Archives graduate education needs to set training objectives, establish quality supervision system, set up professional degrees in archives, build a team of tutors, and file industry and teaching. Efforts should be made in the linkage reform of education system so as to improve the educational level of graduate students in archival science.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G643;G270-4
本文编号：2236201
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, China began to enter the higher education of master's degree in archival science. With the continuous development of economy, the demand for high-level archival talents has become more and more vigorous. The number of colleges and universities in mainland China that have obtained the right to grant master's degree in archival science has also been increasing. The scale of master's degree in archival science is increasing. In November 2011, the annual meeting of the Archives Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education and the 20th meeting of the directors of archives departments were held in Nanjing. The theme of the meeting was the talent demand and training strategies for the development of archival undertakings, which once again triggered off. Archives academia pays close attention to archival higher education. In December 2011, the staff of the School of Information Management of Nanjing University visited the United States, bringing the latest development information of archival profession and its education in the United States. Questionnaire survey and literature survey are conducted to compare the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States from five aspects: overall development, professional enrollment, training program (including curriculum construction), faculty and student employment, reveal the similarities and differences of the postgraduate education of archival master's degree in China and the United States, analyze the causes of the similarities and differences, and draw the conclusion of the American Master's degree of archival research. The thesis is divided into the following eight chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the thesis, analyzes the research status of the master's education of archives both at home and abroad, designs the contents, ideas and methods of the thesis, establishes the research object of the thesis, and finally puts forward Chapter 2 introduces the implementation process, time and preliminary results of the questionnaire survey and the network survey. Chapter 3 introduces the development status of archives master education in China and the United States from the aspects of University distribution and department subordination. It is found that the distribution of archival postgraduate education institutions in the United States is more balanced than that in China because of their respective national conditions. Chapter Four is about the enrollment of Postgraduates in Archives in the United States and China. By comparing the enrollment time and the source structure of students, it is found that due to historical constraints, the time of postgraduate education in Archives in the United States is earlier than that in China, and the types of postgraduate education in Archives are richer in terms of the source of students. Comparing with the curriculum construction in China and the United States, it is found that the training objectives of the master of archives research education in the United States are richer and more specific than those in China. At the same time, it is more career-oriented in curriculum construction. It pays more attention to the setting of practical courses and trains students to meet the market demand. However, the independence of curriculum construction in the United States is far less than that in China. Chapter 6 compares the teachers'ranks in China and the United States in terms of their professional titles, age and research situation. The aging trend of the teaching staff is obvious, and China's archives Master graduate education team is mainly composed of young and middle-aged, very dynamic; in addition, the U.S. faculty attaches great importance to the absorption of archives work experience, while China's archives Master graduate education teachers are mainly academic teachers, China's such a teacher knot. Chapter VII Student Employment, from the two aspects of career orientation and employment channels, compares the results of the cultivation of master's degree students in archives between China and the United States, and finds that the United States pays more attention to the employment planning of students than China; in the employment channels of graduates, the employment scope of students in both countries is wider, but the United States does. The eighth chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of China's Master of Archives graduate education, and points out that China's Master of Archives graduate education needs to set training objectives, establish quality supervision system, set up professional degrees in archives, build a team of tutors, and file industry and teaching. Efforts should be made in the linkage reform of education system so as to improve the educational level of graduate students in archival science.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G643;G270-4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 唐思慧;;档案学硕士研究生教育现状及发展趋势[J];档案学通讯;2006年05期
，本文编号：2236201
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