我国拔尖创新人才培养的困境与出路

发布时间：2018-11-13 09:08

【摘要】：纵观世界教育史不难发现,各国对高层次人才或者说精英人才教育培养的脚步始终未曾停歇,在我国亦是如此。然而在诸多教育浪潮的冲刷下,有关拔尖创新人才培养的声音一度沉寂。2009年,随着钱学森的辞世,一封题为：《让我们直面“钱学森之问”》的公开信,却将这一问题推向了教育领域的风口浪尖,在教育界被冠之以“钱学森之问”的艰深命题成为社会舆论的焦点,拔尖创新人才的培养成为了教育领域炙手可热的话题。以此为背景,本文首先界定了拔尖创新人才的概念,认为所谓拔尖创新人才意指在我们所生活的这个富于个性和突破的时代中,在各行各业那些试图通过变革来引领发展,从而为整个社会经济的顺利转型做出突出贡献的杰出人物,精深的专业造诣、强烈的社会责任感以及勇于批判和变革的勇气应作为其基本的素质特征。同时笔者梳理了新中国成立后,特别是改革开放以来,我国拔尖创新人才的历史轨迹,并对其人才培养的模式和路径进行了解析。在此基础上,笔者认为要打破我国当前拔尖创新人才培养的桎梏,需要我们构建一个民主的精英教育体系,以大众教育为基础,摒弃功利化的教育价值取向,真正的尊重个体,给予每个学生符合其个性特征的教育,将他们引入适性的领域,唯有从培养一个真正的“人”开始,大批的拔尖创新人才才能像钱老所希望的那样,不断的“冒”出来。
[Abstract]:Looking at the history of education in the world, it is not difficult to find that countries have never stopped training high-level talents or elite talents, and the same is true in our country. In 2009, with Qian Xuesen's death, an open letter titled "Let's face the question of Qian Xuesen." However, this problem has been pushed to the forefront of the education field, and the difficult proposition of "Qian Xuesen's question" has become the focus of public opinion in the field of education, and the cultivation of outstanding and innovative talents has become a hot topic in the field of education. Against this background, this paper first defines the concept of top-notch innovative talents, and believes that the so-called "top-notch innovative talents" mean that in the era of individuality and breakthrough we live in, in various industries, those who try to lead the development through change. Thus the outstanding figures who have made outstanding contributions to the smooth transformation of the whole society and economy, their profound professional attainments, strong social responsibility and courage to criticize and reform should be regarded as their basic quality characteristics. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the author combed the historical track of the top innovative talents in our country, and analyzed the mode and path of its talent training. On this basis, the author believes that in order to break the shackles of the cultivation of innovative talents at the top of our country, we need to build a democratic elite education system, based on mass education, abandon the utilitarian educational value orientation, and truly respect the individual. To give every student an education in accordance with his personality and to introduce them into a suitable field, only by cultivating a real "person", can a large number of top-notch innovative talents emerge constantly, as Qian Lao hoped.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G642.0

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