孔子道德修养思想在当代大学生思想政治教育中的价值

发布时间：2018-12-10 06:39

【摘要】：孔子是我国历史上伟大的教育家、政治家和思想家,是我国儒家思想的创始人与奠基人。孔子的道德修养思想是中华民族的优秀传统文化,对中华儿女道德人格的形成有着积极影响,对中华民族精神的沉淀起着重要的作用。孔子道德修养思想注重自我约束、自我管理,追求“仁”这一最高理想境界；主张人们通过自我反省与思考,使自身的行为符合道德规范与道德准则,最终实现君子人格的养成或者达到“圣人”这一最高理想目标。当代大学生思想政治教育是我国精神文明建设的重要内容,是提高大学生个人道德修养的重要手段。但是,在社会市场经济逐渐发展与完善的环境下,受到功利主义、享乐主义、拜金主义的影响,部分大学生的思想观念、价值观念、为人处世等方面偏离了正常的轨道,这就要求高校加强对当代大学生的思想政治教育,注重大学生道德人格的培养。当代大学生思想政治教育的主要目的是在思想政治的层面对当代大学生开展教育,提高大学生的思想道德素质,促进大学生的全面发展,激励大学生为社会主义现代化建设作出自己的贡献,促使大学生树立正确的理想信念,树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观。本文以《论语》、《礼记》等为主要研究资料,对孔子道德修养思想进行了深入挖掘与阐述,结合思想政治教育的内容、目的,将孔子道德修养思想贯注于当代大学生思想政治教育中,引导大学生树立正确的道德认知,培养大学生自我约束、自我管理与自我完善的能力。本文第一章主要是对孔子道德修养思想“仁”、“礼”、道德修养的方法、道德修养的原则、道德修养的价值目标等内容进行阐述,强调道德主体对道德境界的追求。第二章主要是阐释孔子道德修养思想对当代大学生的现实价值,指出孔子道德修养思想对当代大学生理想信念的树立具有的价值,为大学生世界观、人生观、价值观的教育；社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德的教育；“五种精神”的教育起到了重要作用。第三章主要是从为仁由己、学思并重、慎独内省、改过迁善四个方面分析了孔子道德修养思想在当代大学生思想政治教育中的贯注原则,强调大学生的道德主体意识,注重大学生学习思考能力,培养大学生的自我约束能力以及道德责任意识。第四章主要分析了孔子道德修养思想在当代大学生思想政治教育中的贯注途径,这一部分明确了贯注的主体主要是教师,贯注客体为大学生,通过对孔子道德修养思想价值的挖掘,推进当代大学生道德建设工程,并鼓励大学生参与社会实践活动等途径以进一步明晰了贯注途径。
[Abstract]:Confucius is a great educator, statesman and thinker in the history of our country. Confucius' moral cultivation thought is the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, which has a positive influence on the formation of the moral personality of the Chinese people and plays an important role in the precipitation of the Chinese nation's spirit. Confucius' moral cultivation thought pays attention to self-restraint, self-management and pursuit of the highest ideal realm of "benevolence"; It is advocated that through self-reflection and reflection, people can make their behavior conform to moral norms and moral norms, and finally realize the cultivation of the personality of a gentleman or the highest ideal goal of "sage". The ideological and political education of contemporary college students is an important content of the construction of spiritual civilization in our country and an important means to improve the personal moral accomplishment of college students. However, under the circumstances of the gradual development and improvement of the social market economy, influenced by utilitarianism, hedonism and money worship, some college students have deviated from the normal track in terms of their ideas, values and manners. This requires colleges and universities to strengthen the ideological and political education of contemporary college students and pay attention to the cultivation of moral personality of college students. The main purpose of the ideological and political education of contemporary college students is to carry out the education on the ideological and political level, to improve the ideological and moral quality of college students, and to promote the all-round development of college students. It encourages college students to make their own contribution to the socialist modernization construction, and urges them to establish correct ideals and beliefs, correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. Based on the Analects of Confucius and the Book of Rites as the main research materials, this paper deeply excavates and expounds Confucius' moral cultivation thought, and combines the content and purpose of ideological and political education. Confucius' moral cultivation thought should be absorbed in the ideological and political education of contemporary college students to guide them to establish correct moral cognition and to cultivate their abilities of self-restraint, self-management and self-perfection. The first chapter of this paper mainly expounds Confucius' moral cultivation thought "benevolence", "propriety", the method of moral accomplishment, the principle of moral accomplishment, the value goal of moral accomplishment, and so on, and emphasizes the pursuit of moral realm by moral subject. The second chapter mainly explains the realistic value of Confucius' moral cultivation thought to the contemporary college students, and points out the value of Confucius' moral cultivation thought to the establishment of the contemporary college students' ideal and belief, which is the education of the college students' world outlook, outlook on life and values. Social morality, professional ethics, family virtue education; "five spirits" education played an important role. The third chapter mainly analyzes the principle of Confucius' moral cultivation in contemporary college students' ideological and political education from four aspects: benevolence and self-discipline, equal emphasis on learning and thinking, careful introspection and self-improvement, and emphasizes the moral subjective consciousness of college students. Pay attention to the ability of learning and thinking, cultivate the ability of self-restraint and moral responsibility of college students. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the way of Confucius' moral cultivation in the ideological and political education of contemporary college students. This part makes it clear that the main body of attention is mainly teachers, and the object of attention is college students. Through excavating the ideological value of Confucius' moral cultivation, this paper advances the moral construction project of contemporary college students, and encourages college students to participate in social practice so as to further clarify the way of attention.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

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