童年假想伙伴与大学生创造性人格的关系研究

发布时间：2018-12-16 02:15

【摘要】：儿童拥有“看不见的好朋友”现象时常出现在影视作品中,而观察我们的日常生活,也不难发现孩子们独自玩耍时与空气对话、或将玩具当做有思想有个性的伙伴对待的情形,这些都是儿童的“假想伙伴”现象,包括完全看不见的“隐形伙伴”和以玩具等实物为依托的“拟人化物体伙伴”。假想伙伴来自于儿童的想象和创造,这种幻想创造的活动也会出现在某些成年人的身上,表现为相对来说更为隐秘的类似假想伙伴的现象。总的来说拥有假想伙伴的个体似乎表现出种与众不同的看待世界的方式,综合前人研究文献,将这种独特的视角和行为倾向总结为“创造性人格”。本研究旨在考察假想伙伴现象的存在情况,及其与创造性人格之间的关系。本研究采用问卷调查法,其中对假想伙伴调查问卷在前人研究的基础之上结合实际情况编制而成,对创造性人格的测量采用具有良好信效度、经本士化、并被广泛应用的成熟量表《威廉姆斯创造性个性倾向测验》,同时辅以标准化了的幻想性量表作为创造性人格特征的补充。选取南京师范大学、南京林业大学和南京艺术学院,本科一到四年级共530名学生进行施测,最后回收有效问卷448份。本研究发现,(1)假想伙伴现象以一定比例存在于我国当代大学生的童年期,并且一部分学生成年后仍然拥有假想伙伴；(2)假想伙伴现象表现出明显的性别差异,总体上更多女性拥有假想伙伴,并且.女性的假想伙伴更倾向于表现为“拟人化物体伙伴”的形式,而男性更倾向于表现为相对内隐的“隐形伙伴”的形式；(3)艺术类专业大学生中假想伙伴现象的存在比例要高于非艺术生；(4)假想伙伴现象与创造性人格、以及与创造性人格特征相关的幻想性之间存在密切的联系；(5)童年假想伙伴现象对成年后的创造性人格、幻想性和艺术性等有正向的预测作用；(6)假想伙伴的形象被刻画得越精细,其对于创造性人格形成的作用越明显。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon that children have "invisible good friends" often appears in film and television, and it is not difficult to observe our daily life when children play alone and talk to the air, or treat toys as if they have thought and personality. These are children's "imaginary partners", including completely invisible "invisible partners" and "anthropomorphic partners" based on objects such as toys. The imaginary partner comes from the imagination and creation of the child, and the activity of the imaginary creation will also appear in some adults, and it will be shown as a relatively more secretive phenomenon similar to the imaginary partner. In general, individuals with imaginary partners seem to show a different way of looking at the world. Combining the previous research literature, this unique perspective and behavioral tendency is summed up as "creative personality". The purpose of this study is to investigate the existence of hypothetical partnership and its relationship with creative personality. This research adopts the questionnaire method, in which the fictitious partner questionnaire is compiled on the basis of the previous studies, and it has good reliability and validity in the measurement of creative personality. The widely used mature scale, Williams Creative Personality disposition Test, was supplemented by standardized fantasy scale. A total of 530 students were selected from Nanjing normal University, Nanjing Forestry University and Nanjing College of Art, and 448 valid questionnaires were collected. This study finds that (1) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership exists in a certain proportion in the childhood of contemporary college students in China, and some of the students still have imaginary partners after adulthood; (2) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership shows obvious gender difference, and more women have imaginary partners in general. Women's imaginary partners are more likely to appear as "anthropomorphic object partners", while men are more inclined to express themselves as relatively implicit "invisible partners". (3) the proportion of hypothetical partnership in art majors is higher than that of non-art students, (4) there is a close relationship between hypothetical partnership and creative personality, as well as fantasy associated with creative personality. (5) the phenomenon of hypothetical partnership in childhood has a positive predictive effect on the creative personality, fantasy and artistry in adulthood, and (6) the more elaborate the image of the imaginary partner is, the more obvious its effect on the formation of creative personality is.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G641

【参考文献】