中国研究型大学科技创新绩效的实证研究
发布时间：2019-01-03 21:08
【摘要】：在知识经济时代,科技创新对一国经济增长和社会发展至关重要。大学,尤其是研究型大学,作为知识生产、传播和应用的主体,是国家创新系统的重要组成部分,在科学研究、技术开发以及科技成果转化等方面发挥着重要作用,但同时也存在着不少问题。因此,社会各界普通关注大学科技创新活动的绩效评价及影响因素分析,探寻提升大学科技创新绩效的途径。本文在国家创新系统的视角下,探讨研究型大学科技创新活动及其绩效影响因素,换言之,把研究型大学科技创新活动视为国家创新系统中的一个子系统,分析其科技创新绩效的内外部影响因素。在实证研究部分,首先运用传统DEA和超效率DEA方法,测度了在2007-2010年我国50所教育部直属研究型大学的科技创新相对效率。然后,通过(super efficiency) DEA-Tobit两阶段法,对研究型大学科技创新总体效率的影响因素进行实证分析。此外,建立关于论文和专利的多元线性回归模型,进一步检验和分析这些因素对我国研究型大学RD活动投入产出效率的影响。 结果表明：(1)50所教育部直属研究型大学构成的评价体系中,12所大学处于DEA效率前沿面,在科技资源配置和整体规模上均达到了相对最优水平。其余38所大学基本上都处于规模报酬递增阶段,同时其中有30所大学在科技资源配置上是相对低效率的。(2)我国研究型大学科技创新绩效,主要受到内部科研人员素质以及大学与外部机构相互联系质量的影响。现阶段,区域市场化程度对我国研究型大学科技创新绩效的积极作用还未充分体现。(3)在各种外部因素中,国际科技交流活动、国家扶持力度以及国家工程(技术)研究中心对我国研究型大学的基础研究起着积极作用,可显著提高论文的产出效率。(4)在各种外部因素中,区域市场化程度、大学接受产业资助开展合作研究的强度、大学参与技术交易的活跃程度、国家扶持力度以及国家工程(技术)研究中心,对我国研究型大学的应用研究和试验发展有积极的影响,可显著提高专利的产出效率。(5)现阶段,国家大学科技园对我国研究型大学科技创新绩效的积极作用尚不明显。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, scientific and technological innovation is of great importance to a country's economic growth and social development. As the main body of knowledge production, dissemination and application, universities, especially research universities, play an important role in scientific research, technological development and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. But at the same time there are many problems. Therefore, the society generally pays attention to the performance evaluation and the influence factor analysis of the university science and technology innovation activity, and explores the way to promote the university science and technology innovation performance. From the perspective of the national innovation system, this paper discusses the scientific and technological innovation activities of research universities and the factors affecting their performance. In other words, the scientific and technological innovation activities of research universities are regarded as a subsystem of the national innovation system. This paper analyzes the internal and external factors affecting the performance of scientific and technological innovation. In the part of empirical research, the relative efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in 50 research universities directly under the Ministry of Education in 2007-2010 is measured by using traditional DEA and super-efficiency DEA methods. Then, through the (super efficiency) DEA-Tobit two-stage method, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the overall efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in research universities. In addition, a multivariate linear regression model of papers and patents is established to further test and analyze the effect of these factors on the input-output efficiency of RD activities in research universities in China. The results show that: (1) among the evaluation system of 50 research universities directly under the Ministry of Education, 12 universities are at the front of DEA efficiency, and reach the relative optimal level in the allocation of scientific and technological resources and the overall scale. The other 38 universities are basically in the stage of increasing returns on scale, and 30 of them are relatively inefficient in the allocation of scientific and technological resources. (2) the performance of scientific and technological innovation of research universities in China. It is mainly influenced by the quality of internal researchers and the quality of the relationship between universities and external institutions. At present, the positive effect of regional marketization on the scientific and technological innovation performance of research universities in China has not been fully reflected. (3) among various external factors, international scientific and technological exchange activities, State support and national engineering (technology) research center play a positive role in the basic research of research universities in China, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the paper output. (4) among various external factors, the degree of regional marketization, The intensity of cooperative research, the degree of university involvement in technology transactions, the degree of state support, and the National Engineering (Technology) Research Center, It has a positive effect on the applied research and experimental development of research universities in China and can significantly improve the output efficiency of patents. (5) at the present stage, the positive effect of National University Science and Technology Park on the performance of scientific and technological innovation of research universities in China is not obvious.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647
本文编号：2399874
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, scientific and technological innovation is of great importance to a country's economic growth and social development. As the main body of knowledge production, dissemination and application, universities, especially research universities, play an important role in scientific research, technological development and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. But at the same time there are many problems. Therefore, the society generally pays attention to the performance evaluation and the influence factor analysis of the university science and technology innovation activity, and explores the way to promote the university science and technology innovation performance. From the perspective of the national innovation system, this paper discusses the scientific and technological innovation activities of research universities and the factors affecting their performance. In other words, the scientific and technological innovation activities of research universities are regarded as a subsystem of the national innovation system. This paper analyzes the internal and external factors affecting the performance of scientific and technological innovation. In the part of empirical research, the relative efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in 50 research universities directly under the Ministry of Education in 2007-2010 is measured by using traditional DEA and super-efficiency DEA methods. Then, through the (super efficiency) DEA-Tobit two-stage method, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the overall efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in research universities. In addition, a multivariate linear regression model of papers and patents is established to further test and analyze the effect of these factors on the input-output efficiency of RD activities in research universities in China. The results show that: (1) among the evaluation system of 50 research universities directly under the Ministry of Education, 12 universities are at the front of DEA efficiency, and reach the relative optimal level in the allocation of scientific and technological resources and the overall scale. The other 38 universities are basically in the stage of increasing returns on scale, and 30 of them are relatively inefficient in the allocation of scientific and technological resources. (2) the performance of scientific and technological innovation of research universities in China. It is mainly influenced by the quality of internal researchers and the quality of the relationship between universities and external institutions. At present, the positive effect of regional marketization on the scientific and technological innovation performance of research universities in China has not been fully reflected. (3) among various external factors, international scientific and technological exchange activities, State support and national engineering (technology) research center play a positive role in the basic research of research universities in China, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the paper output. (4) among various external factors, the degree of regional marketization, The intensity of cooperative research, the degree of university involvement in technology transactions, the degree of state support, and the National Engineering (Technology) Research Center, It has a positive effect on the applied research and experimental development of research universities in China and can significantly improve the output efficiency of patents. (5) at the present stage, the positive effect of National University Science and Technology Park on the performance of scientific and technological innovation of research universities in China is not obvious.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 吕蔚;王新峰;孙智信;;基于核主成分分析的高校科技创新能力评价研究[J];国防科技大学学报;2008年03期
2 武书连;;再探大学分类[J];中国高等教育评估;2002年04期
3 杨林;刘念才;;中国研究型大学的分类与定位研究[J];高等教育研究;2008年11期
4 赵翔;;银行分支机构效率测度及影响因素分析——基于超效率DEA与Tobit模型的实证研究[J];经济科学;2010年01期
5 张海燕;陈士俊;王梅;李鑫;;2002～2005年间我国不同地区高校科技创新效率比较研究[J];科技进步与对策;2007年11期
6 李应博;何建坤;吕春燕;;区域产业结构优化中的研究型大学技术转移[J];科学学研究;2006年S1期
7 柳卸林,赵捷;对中国创新系统互动的评估[J];科研管理;1999年06期
8 陶岚;陶力士;查道林;;超效率DEA模型在高等学校绩效审计中的应用研究[J];理论月刊;2009年06期
9 吕春燕;孟浩;何建坤;;研究型大学在国家自主创新体系中的作用分析[J];清华大学教育研究;2005年05期
10 孙志军;何晋秋;;中国高校科技创新活动的实证分析[J];清华大学教育研究;2006年05期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 高燕楠;高校科技创新效率及影响因素的实证研究[D];南开大学;2010年
，本文编号：2399874
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jiaoyulunwen/suzhijiaoyulunwen/2399874.html
