和谐社会建构视野下的大学生就业难问题研究
发布时间：2019-02-26 07:33
【摘要】：和谐社会的构建与大学毕业生就业难这一问题有着密切的联系。高校毕业生就业是我国当前就业市场的一个重要组成部分。二十世纪末,我国开始推行高校扩招政策,大学毕业生的人数总量已经超出了社会的吸纳极限。在全球经济下滑的背景下,大学毕业生的就业问题己成为同人民群众的切身利益密切相关的社会热点问题。大学生能否顺利就业不仅关系到高校的生存与发展,而且关系到他们是否能树立起正确的人生观和价值观,还影响到他们家庭的和谐。所以,高校生的就业问题是保证社会稳定、构建和谐社会的基础,有必要以构建和谐社会为视角研究大学生的就业难问题。 论文的第一部分引言介绍了大学生就业的社会、经济、政策背景,然后对国内外的研究进行了综合论述,最后介绍了本论文的研究思路与研究方法。 论文的第二部分描述了当前我国大学生就业难的几种主要表现形式,包括：文科类毕业生在就业市场上处于相对过剩的状态,南上北下的“考碗族”的出现,大城市中已经开始蔓延的“零工资”曲线就业,“啃老族”队伍的日渐壮大,以及一般院校的“牌子”尴尬等。为大学生的就业特点及就业难的界定提供了形象的说明。最后从高校、社会、大学生自身以及家庭四个方面阐明了大学生就业难对和谐社会的构建所造成的负面效应。 论文的第三部分分析了当前大学生就业难的原因。主要从高校的教育、社会的状况、家庭的期望和大学生自身,来分析制约大学生就业的因素。高校教育的主要原因是教学内容与市场需求相脱离,对大学生的就业指导仅限于表面形式,就业思想教育滞后于社会发展；社会的原因主要是目前的经济形势并不好,社会总体就业压力大,对高校的扩招没有给予及时正确的引导,没有一个统一的、完善的就业市场平台,无法为大学生提供全面的就业信息,就业渠道不畅通,用人单位的用人理念不合理；家庭原因主要是家长的期望过高,对教育投入及后期回报的过分关注；大学生自身的原因是影响他们顺利就业的关键因素,主要包括：工作的期望值过高,能力的欠缺以及综合素质与知识的学习无法满足用人单位的高标准要求。 论文的第四部分提出了一些缓解当前大学生就业难的状况的建议与对策。大学生要认清当前的社会形势,处理好就业当中的各方关系,树立科学的择业观,提高自身的综合素质和就业能力；高校应紧跟社会的发展脚步,调整专业设置,加强就业指导的力度；政府部门应加强对高校招生的宏观调控,以及对大学生就业政策的引导,规范大学生就业市场；用人单位要及时转变用人理念。
[Abstract]:The construction of harmonious society is closely related to the difficult employment of college graduates. The employment of college graduates is an important part of the current employment market in China. At the end of the 20th century, China began to implement the policy of college enrollment expansion, the total number of college graduates has exceeded the social absorption limit. Under the background of global economic decline, the employment of college graduates has become a social hot issue closely related to the vital interests of the people. The smooth employment of college students is not only related to the survival and development of colleges and universities, but also to whether they can establish a correct outlook on life and values, and also affects the harmony of their families. Therefore, the employment of college students is the basis of ensuring social stability and building a harmonious society. It is necessary to study the employment difficulties of college students from the perspective of constructing a harmonious society. The first part of the paper introduces the social, economic and policy background of college students' employment, then comprehensively discusses the domestic and foreign research, and finally introduces the research ideas and research methods of this paper. The second part of the paper describes the current employment difficulties of college students in several main forms, including: liberal arts graduates in the employment market in a relatively excessive state, the south up and down the "Kauwan people" appearance, Big cities have begun to spread the "zero-wage" curve employment, the growing ranks of the "gnawing", and general colleges and universities "brand" embarrassment and so on. It provides an image explanation for the characteristics of employment of college students and the definition of employment difficulties. Finally, the negative effects of college students' employment difficulties on the construction of harmonious society are expounded from four aspects: universities, society, college students themselves and families. The third part of the paper analyzes the causes of the current employment difficulties of college students. This paper mainly analyzes the factors restricting the employment of college students from the aspects of college education, social conditions, family expectations and college students themselves. The main reason of college education is that the teaching content is separated from the market demand, the employment guidance for college students is limited to the superficial form, and the employment ideological education lags behind the social development. The main reason of the society is that the current economic situation is not good, the overall social employment pressure is heavy, the expansion of college enrollment has not been given timely and correct guidance, and there is no unified and perfect employment market platform. Can not provide college students with comprehensive employment information, employment channels are not smooth, employing units of the concept of employment is unreasonable; The main reason for the family is that parents' expectations are too high, too much attention is paid to the investment in education and the return of the later period. The reasons of college students themselves are the key factors that affect their successful employment, including: the high expectation of work, the lack of ability, and the lack of comprehensive quality and knowledge learning can not meet the requirements of high standards of employers. The fourth part of the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to alleviate the current employment difficulties of college students. College students should recognize the current social situation, deal with the relationship between all parties in employment, set up a scientific outlook on job selection, and improve their comprehensive quality and employability. Colleges and universities should closely follow the pace of social development, adjust the professional setting, strengthen the strength of employment guidance, government departments should strengthen the macro-control of university enrollment, as well as the guidance of employment policies for college students, to standardize the employment market of college students; Unit of choose and employ persons should change the idea of employing persons in time.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38
本文编号：2430569
[Abstract]:The construction of harmonious society is closely related to the difficult employment of college graduates. The employment of college graduates is an important part of the current employment market in China. At the end of the 20th century, China began to implement the policy of college enrollment expansion, the total number of college graduates has exceeded the social absorption limit. Under the background of global economic decline, the employment of college graduates has become a social hot issue closely related to the vital interests of the people. The smooth employment of college students is not only related to the survival and development of colleges and universities, but also to whether they can establish a correct outlook on life and values, and also affects the harmony of their families. Therefore, the employment of college students is the basis of ensuring social stability and building a harmonious society. It is necessary to study the employment difficulties of college students from the perspective of constructing a harmonious society. The first part of the paper introduces the social, economic and policy background of college students' employment, then comprehensively discusses the domestic and foreign research, and finally introduces the research ideas and research methods of this paper. The second part of the paper describes the current employment difficulties of college students in several main forms, including: liberal arts graduates in the employment market in a relatively excessive state, the south up and down the "Kauwan people" appearance, Big cities have begun to spread the "zero-wage" curve employment, the growing ranks of the "gnawing", and general colleges and universities "brand" embarrassment and so on. It provides an image explanation for the characteristics of employment of college students and the definition of employment difficulties. Finally, the negative effects of college students' employment difficulties on the construction of harmonious society are expounded from four aspects: universities, society, college students themselves and families. The third part of the paper analyzes the causes of the current employment difficulties of college students. This paper mainly analyzes the factors restricting the employment of college students from the aspects of college education, social conditions, family expectations and college students themselves. The main reason of college education is that the teaching content is separated from the market demand, the employment guidance for college students is limited to the superficial form, and the employment ideological education lags behind the social development. The main reason of the society is that the current economic situation is not good, the overall social employment pressure is heavy, the expansion of college enrollment has not been given timely and correct guidance, and there is no unified and perfect employment market platform. Can not provide college students with comprehensive employment information, employment channels are not smooth, employing units of the concept of employment is unreasonable; The main reason for the family is that parents' expectations are too high, too much attention is paid to the investment in education and the return of the later period. The reasons of college students themselves are the key factors that affect their successful employment, including: the high expectation of work, the lack of ability, and the lack of comprehensive quality and knowledge learning can not meet the requirements of high standards of employers. The fourth part of the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to alleviate the current employment difficulties of college students. College students should recognize the current social situation, deal with the relationship between all parties in employment, set up a scientific outlook on job selection, and improve their comprehensive quality and employability. Colleges and universities should closely follow the pace of social development, adjust the professional setting, strengthen the strength of employment guidance, government departments should strengthen the macro-control of university enrollment, as well as the guidance of employment policies for college students, to standardize the employment market of college students; Unit of choose and employ persons should change the idea of employing persons in time.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 曹守敏;;大学生就业难成因及对策研究[J];现代教育;2013年08期
，本文编号：2430569
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