高校研发空间溢出对区域技术进步的影响研究

发布时间：2019-03-16 12:30

【摘要】：知识经济时代，国家及区域间的经济竞争越来越取决于技术水平的提升。在我国的现实国情下，大多数企业自主创新意识薄弱，研发投入不足，对引进技术、设备的消化吸收有限，除少数骨干型企业之外，绝大多数企业仍未真正成为区域创新的主体。而高校作为知识生产的源头，在区域创新系统中的作用日益凸显，其研发活动能否对地区技术进步形成良性的知识溢出效应成为区域创新系统构建和发展的关键。为此，本文以我国31个省市高校RD活动为研究对象，采用空间计量方法，纳入地理空间因素，实证探究高校RD活动的空间非均衡性，测度其RD知识对区域技术进步的空间溢出效应及地理边界，力图构建高校研发、空间知识溢出与区域技术进步的实证框架，为强化区域内及区域间高校RD知识溢出，进而推动本地技术进步等政策研究提供参考。本文通过构建空间面板计量模型，基于2000-2009年31各省市高校基础研究、应用研究、试验发展支出及地区全要素生产率数据，量化区域内及区域间高校RD活动对该地区技术进步的影响，并通过引入交叉项，研究区域知识吸收能力、地理距离对这一空间效应的影响。主要研究结论包括：（1）我国高校RD活动的区域分布呈现显著的空间非均衡性，，研发投入高度集中于少数几个省区，且高校研发支出与地区技术水平间存在空间相关性；（2）本地高校RD活动对本地技术进步产生正向的知识溢出效应，但与企业RD投入相比，其技术贡献率偏低；（3）我国高校RD活动存在显著的空间知识溢出效应，邻近地区高校RD活动对本地技术进步产生影响，且影响程度显著大于本地高校的RD活动；（4）区域知识吸收能力调节着高校RD活动对该地区技术进步的溢出程度；（5）我国高校RD活动的空间知识溢出效应随地理距离衰减。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, the economic competition between countries and regions depends more and more on the upgrading of technical level. Under the actual conditions of our country, most enterprises have weak consciousness of independent innovation, insufficient investment in R & D, limited digestion and absorption of imported technology and equipment, with the exception of a few backbone enterprises. The vast majority of enterprises have not really become the main body of regional innovation. As the source of knowledge production, colleges and universities play an increasingly important role in the regional innovation system. Whether their R & D activities can form a benign knowledge spillover effect on regional technological progress becomes the key to the construction and development of regional innovation system. Therefore, this paper takes the RD activity of 31 provinces and cities in China as the research object, adopts the spatial measurement method, incorporates the geographical spatial factor, and empirically explores the spatial imbalance of the university RD activity. This paper measures the spatial spillover effect and geographical boundary of its RD knowledge on regional technological progress, and tries to construct an empirical framework of university R & D, spatial knowledge spillover and regional technological progress, in order to strengthen the RD knowledge spillover in and between regional colleges and universities. Further promote local technological progress and other policy research to provide a reference. Based on the basic research, applied research, experimental development expenditure and regional total factor productivity (TFP) data of 31 provinces and cities in 2000-2009, this paper builds a spatial panel econometric model. This paper quantifies the influence of RD activities in regional and interregional universities on the technological progress of the region, and studies the influence of regional knowledge absorption capacity and geographical distance on this spatial effect by introducing cross-terms. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the regional distribution of RD activities in colleges and universities in China presents a significant spatial imbalance, and R & D investment is highly concentrated in a few provinces and regions, and there is a spatial correlation between R & D expenditure and regional technology level in colleges and universities; (2) RD activities in local colleges and universities have a positive knowledge spillover effect on local technological progress, but their technology contribution rate is lower than that of enterprises'RD investment; (3) there is a significant spatial knowledge spillover effect in the RD activities of colleges and universities in our country, and the influence of RD activities in the neighboring areas on the local technological progress is significantly greater than that of the RD activities of the local colleges and universities. (4) the regional knowledge absorption ability regulates the spillover degree of RD activities in colleges and universities to the technological progress in this area, and (5) the spatial knowledge spillover effect of RD activities in colleges and universities in China decreases with the geographical distance.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647;F127;F224

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