民国早期大学训育研究（1912-1927）
发布时间：2019-07-01 10:45
【摘要】：本文主要通过对民国早期训育观念、训育制度、训育组织、训育课程演变的历史梳理和具体分析，展现民国早期大学训育演变的轨迹和特点，进而总结该时期大学训育的实践经验，以期对当今大学德育建设和学生管理提供借鉴。具体而言，本文包括以下几方面内容： 第一，训育观念的引入与民国早期训育制度的发展。随着清末训育概念的引入，在训育观念上经历了由清末严格管理的训育观，向民初人格感化的训育观和五四前后自治的训育观的转变；在训育制度上经历了清末严格管理制度、民初管理与训练相结合制度和五四前后自治制度的三个发展阶段。这一过程体现了民国早期对学生主体性地位的认识逐渐增强，反映了民国早期学生自治的训育制度逐步建立。 第二，民国早期的大学训育组织。伴随民国早期训育观的转变和训育制度的建立，该时期大学训育组织的发展呈现出以下两个特点：从学校管理角度来看，大学训育组织经历了学监处到训导处和学生自治指导委员会的变迁；从学生主体性地位的强弱来看，大学训育组织经历了以学校为主导，鼓励部分学生参与管理学校事务，开展校友会建设，向以学生为主体，形成自我组织、自我管理、自我监督的学生自治组织的发展。 第三，学生自治会与大学训育。学生自治会作为自治理念的表现形式在五四新文化运动的时代背景下，由于归国留美学者对美国学生自治制度的推崇和引进，，而成为五四时期大学学生自我管理的机构。学生自治会组织在训练学生自我管理的能力、培养公民意识和社会责任感、改善校风校貌等方面，实现了训育的目标。但学生自治会的开展也存在缺乏良性的引导、权力过大缺乏控制、定位取向不明确、易受外界影响等不足，给当时学校正常的教学秩序的运作带来了一定程度上的负面影响。 第四，民国早期大学训育课程。受五四新文化运动对传统文化批判及五四后选科制施行的影响，民国早期大学训育课程的发展经历了由经学课程向着承载传统道德教化的国文与伦理学课程转变，由中央统一规定施行课程向着各学校独立开设课程转变，并伴随着自治的开展，以“知”为主的课程训育功能逐渐弱化，倾向于“行”的训育培养方式。 第五，民国早期大学训育的特点及其对当代大学教育的启示。民国早期大学训育在观念上表现出由以经学为主导向个体本位、社会本位转化，在组织管理上表现出由管控模式向自治模式转变，在知与行上表现出强调知行合一的特点。民国早期大学训育演变历程积累了宝贵的历史经验，对我国当代大学教育改革和发展具有以下几点启示：（1）培养大学生公民意识和自治能力，是当代公民社会的内在诉求；（2）实行自治与指导相结合的管理，是当代大学生管理改革的发展方向；（3）秉承知行并重的理念，是当代大学生思想品格建构的指导原则；（4）增强学生服务他人的公共意识，是当代大学生综合素养的基本要求。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the historical combing and analysis of the development of the early training, the training system, the training organization and the training course in the Republic of China, this paper presents the track and the characteristics of the evolution of the training and education in the early period of the Republic of China, and then summarizes the practical experience of the training of the university in the period of the Republic of China. In ord to provide a reference for university moral education construction and student management. In particular, the article includes the following aspects: The introduction of the concept of education and education and the development of the early training system of the Republic of China With the introduction of the concept of training and education at the end of the Qing Dynasty, it has experienced the transition from the strict management of the late Qing to the early Qing Dynasty, the education of the primary personality of the people and the education of the self-government before and after the May 4th Movement, and the strict management in the end of the Qing Dynasty on the system of training and education. The Combination of the Management and Training of the People's Republic of China and the Three Development Stage of the Self-government System before and after the May 4th Movement; This process reflects the early recognition of the students' subjectivity in the early Republic of China, which reflects the gradual construction of the system of the students' self-government in the Republic of China. The Second, the University Training in the Early Republic of China The development of the university training organization in this period is the following two characteristics: from the point of view of school management, the training organization of the university has gone through the school supervision department to the training guide and the student's self-government steering committee. From the strength of the student's subjectivity, the organization of the university has gone through the school-oriented, encourages some students to participate in the management of the school affairs, carry out the construction of the school-friendly society, and form the self-organized, self-management and self-supervised student self-government organization with the students as the main body. The third, the student's self-government will In the background of the five-four new cultural movement, the students' self-government, as the form of the self-government, has become the self-government of the university students in the May 4th period, due to the promotion and introduction of the American students' self-government system. The student's self-government will organize the ability to train the students' self-management, train the sense of the citizen and the social responsibility, improve the school appearance of the school, and so on. However, the development of the student's self-government has a lack of good guidance, excessive power and lack of control, the orientation of the location is not clear, the influence of the external limit is not enough, which brings some degree to the operation of the school's normal teaching order The fourth, the Republic of China. On the basis of the influence of the five-four new cultural movement on the traditional culture criticism and the post-May 4th post-election system, the development of the early-stage university training course of the Republic of China has experienced the national communication from the course of the classics to the traditional moral education. In the course of the course of the ethics course, the curriculum transformation is set up in the course of the central unification, and the course of the course is gradually weakened, with the development of the self-government, and the main course of the course is gradually weakened and the "line" is inclined to the "know". The Methods of Training and Training of the University of the Republic of China in the Early Period of the Republic of China; The enlightenment of the contemporary university education is that the early college education in the Republic of China is characterized by the transformation from the management and control mode to the self-governing mode in the management of the organization, as well as on the knowledge and the line. The characteristics of the unity of knowledge and practice are emphasized. The course of the evolution of the college education in the early period of the Republic of China has accumulated valuable historical experience, and it has the following enlightenment to the reform and development of the education of contemporary university in China: (1) To train the citizen consciousness and the self-government of the college students, and it is the contemporary The internal demands of the civil society; (2) the management of the combination of the autonomy and the guidance is the development direction of the contemporary college students' management reform; and (3) the idea of adhering to the knowledge line is the guiding principle of the construction of the ideological character of the contemporary college students; and (4) the students are strengthened. The public awareness of the service of others is the contemporary college students
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G649.29
本文编号：2508409
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the historical combing and analysis of the development of the early training, the training system, the training organization and the training course in the Republic of China, this paper presents the track and the characteristics of the evolution of the training and education in the early period of the Republic of China, and then summarizes the practical experience of the training of the university in the period of the Republic of China. In ord to provide a reference for university moral education construction and student management. In particular, the article includes the following aspects: The introduction of the concept of education and education and the development of the early training system of the Republic of China With the introduction of the concept of training and education at the end of the Qing Dynasty, it has experienced the transition from the strict management of the late Qing to the early Qing Dynasty, the education of the primary personality of the people and the education of the self-government before and after the May 4th Movement, and the strict management in the end of the Qing Dynasty on the system of training and education. The Combination of the Management and Training of the People's Republic of China and the Three Development Stage of the Self-government System before and after the May 4th Movement; This process reflects the early recognition of the students' subjectivity in the early Republic of China, which reflects the gradual construction of the system of the students' self-government in the Republic of China. The Second, the University Training in the Early Republic of China The development of the university training organization in this period is the following two characteristics: from the point of view of school management, the training organization of the university has gone through the school supervision department to the training guide and the student's self-government steering committee. From the strength of the student's subjectivity, the organization of the university has gone through the school-oriented, encourages some students to participate in the management of the school affairs, carry out the construction of the school-friendly society, and form the self-organized, self-management and self-supervised student self-government organization with the students as the main body. The third, the student's self-government will In the background of the five-four new cultural movement, the students' self-government, as the form of the self-government, has become the self-government of the university students in the May 4th period, due to the promotion and introduction of the American students' self-government system. The student's self-government will organize the ability to train the students' self-management, train the sense of the citizen and the social responsibility, improve the school appearance of the school, and so on. However, the development of the student's self-government has a lack of good guidance, excessive power and lack of control, the orientation of the location is not clear, the influence of the external limit is not enough, which brings some degree to the operation of the school's normal teaching order The fourth, the Republic of China. On the basis of the influence of the five-four new cultural movement on the traditional culture criticism and the post-May 4th post-election system, the development of the early-stage university training course of the Republic of China has experienced the national communication from the course of the classics to the traditional moral education. In the course of the course of the ethics course, the curriculum transformation is set up in the course of the central unification, and the course of the course is gradually weakened, with the development of the self-government, and the main course of the course is gradually weakened and the "line" is inclined to the "know". The Methods of Training and Training of the University of the Republic of China in the Early Period of the Republic of China; The enlightenment of the contemporary university education is that the early college education in the Republic of China is characterized by the transformation from the management and control mode to the self-governing mode in the management of the organization, as well as on the knowledge and the line. The characteristics of the unity of knowledge and practice are emphasized. The course of the evolution of the college education in the early period of the Republic of China has accumulated valuable historical experience, and it has the following enlightenment to the reform and development of the education of contemporary university in China: (1) To train the citizen consciousness and the self-government of the college students, and it is the contemporary The internal demands of the civil society; (2) the management of the combination of the autonomy and the guidance is the development direction of the contemporary college students' management reform; and (3) the idea of adhering to the knowledge line is the guiding principle of the construction of the ideological character of the contemporary college students; and (4) the students are strengthened. The public awareness of the service of others is the contemporary college students
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G649.29
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张雪蓉;;1920年代我国现代大学学生自治制度研究——以国立东南大学为中心[J];南京社会科学;2006年12期
本文编号：2508409
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