中原工学院国家助学贷款政策执行的研究

发布时间：2019-07-09 20:16

【摘要】：随着高等教育收费制度的改革,我国高等教育近十年来获得了跨越式超常规发展,满足了广大学生上大学的强烈愿望,促进了国民综合素质的提高和经济的快速发展。然而,由于我国地域辽阔,人口众多,经济发展很不平衡,在不少地方还存在着普遍贫穷的状况。在我国,来自贫困地区的家庭子女上大学难的问题还比较突出。为了促进高等教育公平,实现社会的和谐与稳定,让贫困子女享有平等上大学的机会,我国从2004年开始在全国范围内开始了国家助学贷款新机制的实施。河南省在国家助学贷款新机制的政策指导下,积极探索适合本省省情的国家助学贷款模式。通过与国家开发银行河南省分行合作,探索出以高校管理为主体、引入激励约束机制的国家助学贷款新模式。这种被称为“河南模式”的国家助学贷款政策,极大降低了还款违约率,基本上实现了“应贷尽贷”的预期目标,取得了很好的社会效果,促进了河南省高校的健康持续发展,也为国家助学贷款新机制在全国的全面实施,起到了一定的示范作用。本文以中原工学院助学贷款运行状况为研究出发点,采用问卷调查和访谈等方法,在综合分析调查结果和中原工学院国家助学贷款政策执行情况的基础上,指出了国家助学贷款“河南模式”的优势和不足。国家助学贷款“河南模式”的优势主要体现在：1)明确了责权利关系,引入了激励约束机制,明确了高校作为国家助学贷款的管理主体,极大提高了银行贷款的积极性。2)只要符合资助条件的贫困大学生,都可获得助学贷款,基本达到了“应贷尽贷”的预期目标,保证了大学教育公平原则,促进了河南省高校的健康发展。3)“河南模式”完善的管理体系提高了助学贷款效率,降低了还款违约率然而,国家助学贷款“河南模式”还存在诸多不足,表现在还款期限、还款方式设置不合理、贷款额度偏低等方面。本文针对“河南模式”的不足,从加强大学生诚信教育、借鉴国外经验适当延长还款期限、改变现有还款方式、适当增加助学贷款额度、建立国家助学贷款法律体系等方面提出了完善“河南”模式的建议。本文的研究对完善国家助学贷款“河南模式”具有一定的理论和实际意义。
[Abstract]:With the reform of the charging system of higher education, higher education in China has achieved extraordinary development by leaps and bounds in the past ten years, satisfied the strong desire of the majority of students to go to university, and promoted the improvement of the comprehensive quality of the people and the rapid development of the economy. However, due to the vast territory, large population and unbalanced economic development, there is still widespread poverty in many places. In our country, the problem that it is difficult for family children from poor areas to go to college is still more prominent. In order to promote the fairness of higher education, realize the harmony and stability of society, and make the poor children enjoy equal opportunities to go to university, China began to implement the new national student loan mechanism in 2004. Under the guidance of the policy of the new national student loan mechanism, Henan Province actively explores the national student loan model suitable for the provincial situation. Through cooperation with Henan Branch of the State Development Bank, this paper explores a new mode of national student loan with university management as the main body and the introduction of incentive and restraint mechanism. This kind of national student loan policy, which is called "Henan model", has greatly reduced the default rate of repayment, basically achieved the expected goal of "full loan", achieved good social results, promoted the healthy and sustainable development of colleges and universities in Henan Province, and also played a certain exemplary role in the implementation of the new national student loan mechanism in the whole country. Based on the research on the operation of student loans in Zhongyuan Institute of Technology, and by means of questionnaire survey and interview, this paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of the Henan model of national student loans on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the results of the survey and the implementation of the national student loan policy of Zhongyuan Institute of Technology. The advantages of the Henan model of national student loan are as follows: 1) the relationship between responsibility and right is clarified, the incentive and restraint mechanism is introduced, and the university as the management subject of national student loan is clearly defined, which greatly improves the enthusiasm of bank loan. 2) as long as the poor college students meet the conditions of subsidy, they can obtain the student loan, which basically achieves the expected goal of "full loan" and ensures the principle of fairness of university education. It promotes the healthy development of colleges and universities in Henan Province. 3) the perfect management system of "Henan Model" improves the efficiency of student loans and reduces the default rate of repayment. However, there are still many shortcomings in the "Henan Model" of national student loans, which is manifested in the repayment period, unreasonable repayment mode, low loan amount and so on. In view of the shortcomings of the "Henan model", this paper puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the "Henan" model from the aspects of strengthening the honesty education of college students, properly extending the repayment period, changing the existing repayment mode, properly increasing the amount of student loan, and establishing the legal system of national student loan. The research in this paper has certain theoretical and practical significance for perfecting the Henan model of national student loan.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

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