健听与听障儿童语调声学特征的比较研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 03:24

本文关键词： 听障儿童语调声学分析　出处：《华东师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语调是语言的重要特征之一,具有分辨语义的作用,也是人们传情达意的重要手段。语调是句子的一种音高变化,它属于语音的超音段成分。在我国目前已有的研究中,对儿童的语调研究较少,对听障儿童的语调研究更是少之又少。已有的研究中对听障儿童的声调感知和产生的研究较多,而具体针对语调声学特征的研究相对缺乏。因此,本研究自编实验语料并依据声学原理提出相关语调声学参数,对健听与听障儿童的语调声学特征进行比较研究。本研究旨在通过声学分析的方法,探讨健听与听障儿童陈述、疑问、命令三种语调的声学特征,并比较两者在类型和年龄上的差异。此外,进一步建立健听儿童语调声学参数参考范围,为儿童语调的后续研究提供参考。首先,本研究对30名成人与91名健听儿童进行了语调声学参数的比较研究。结果发现语调因素在四个语调声学参数基频平均值F0、整句的基频斜率值k、前分句(主语部分)的基频斜率值k1、后分句(动宾结构)的基频斜率值k2均有主效应,说明本文的自编语料对于语调具有可实用性。在语调特征上,健听儿童与成人在陈述与疑问语调上的总体特征一致,但在命令语调上有差异。其次,本研究通过声学分析对91名健听儿童与31名听障儿童进行了语调声学特征的比较研究。结果发现在疑问语调上,听障儿童疑问句整句升调幅度远低于健听儿童。在命令语调上,听障儿童命令句前分句降调幅度远低于健听儿童。此外,年龄是影响儿童习得语调特征的重要因素之一,5岁起是儿童陈述和命令语调习得和发展的重要阶段。基于以上研究,我们认为基频斜率值k和基频斜率值k1是可以用来区分两类儿童语调特征的声学参数。并且通过研究,我们获得了健听与听障两类儿童三种汉语语调声学特征,及健听儿童陈述、疑问、命令三种汉语语调特征声学参数参考范围。
[Abstract]:Intonation is one of the important features of language. It has the function of distinguishing semantic meaning and is also an important means for people to convey meaning. Intonation is a kind of pitch change of sentences. It belongs to the supersyllabic component of phonology, and there are few researches on children's intonation in China. There are few researches on tone perception and production of children with hearing impairment, but there are few researches on the acoustic characteristics of intonation. This study made up the experimental corpus and put forward the relevant intonation acoustic parameters according to the acoustics principle to compare the intonation acoustic characteristics of the children with hearing impairment and hearing impairment. The purpose of this study was to use the method of acoustic analysis to study the intonation acoustics of children with hearing impairment. The acoustic characteristics of the three intonations in children with hearing impairment and hearing impairment were discussed, and the differences between them in type and age were compared. In addition, the reference range of acoustic parameters of intonation in children with hearing impairment was further established. To provide a reference for the follow-up study of children's intonation. First, the intonation acoustic parameters of 30 adults and 91 healthy children were compared. The results showed that the intonation factors were based on the fundamental frequency mean F0 of the four intonation acoustic parameters. The fundamental slope value k of the whole sentence, the basic frequency slope value of the preceding clause (subject part) and the basic frequency slope value k2 of the following clause (verb-object structure) all have the main effect. It shows that the self-compiled corpus is practical for intonation. In intonation features, the general characteristics of intonation between children and adults are consistent, but there are differences in command intonation between children and adults. Secondly, the acoustic characteristics of intonation in 91 children with hearing impairment and 31 children with hearing impairment were studied by acoustic analysis. The ascending range of the whole sentence of the question sentence of the hearing-impaired child is much lower than that of the hearing-impaired child. In the command intonation, the tone of the preceding clause of the hearing-impaired child's command sentence is much lower than that of the hearing-impaired child. Age is one of the most important factors affecting children's acquisition of intonation. From the age of 5, it is an important stage of children's acquisition and development of statement and command intonation. Based on the above studies, we think that the fundamental slope value k and the fundamental frequency slope value K1 can be used to distinguish the two types of children intonation characteristics of the acoustic parameters, and through the study. We have obtained three kinds of Chinese intonation acoustic features for both hearing and hearing impaired children, and three reference ranges for acoustic parameters of Chinese intonation characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G762

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