农村职业教育:社会主义新农村建设的助推器

发布时间：2018-03-10 12:38

本文选题：农村职业教育　切入点：农村劳动力　出处：《教育与职业》2006年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：今年,随着全国职业教育工作会议召开,温家宝总理出席并作了重要讲话与指示,全国各地的职业教育也正轰轰烈烈地开展着。但是,相对城市职业教育的发展来看,我国农村职业教育仍然十分落后。有关部门统计,我国农村每年约有800多万初中毕业生和近100万高中毕业生不能升入高一级学校。抽样调查同样显示,75%以上的农村孩子初中毕业后未经职业教育就直接就业,15%的农村孩子在接受高中教育后也直接就业,绝大多数农村劳动力缺乏必要的专业知识;由于缺乏专业技能,多数农民不敢涉足效率较高的特色种植养殖业。绝大多数农户的种植养殖结构单一且传统化,传统农业的低效率又导致了普通农户生活水平的低下。为了增加收入,一些农村劳动力不得不选择外出打工。调查发现,农民人均收入中,工资性收入的比重越来越大;由于农村劳动力素质偏低,农民外出打工也受到了较多限制。据劳动和社会保障部统计,56%以上的城镇就业岗位要求达到初级工以上水平,近60%的岗位需要熟练工人。相比之下,农村劳动力的素质明显偏低。文化程度的偏低限制了农民工就业的领域,低收入的劳动密集型行业成了农民工就业的主阵地。中央"十一五"计划提出要建设社会主义新农村。建设社会主义新农村很重要一点,就是要大力提高农村劳动力的素质,要提高农民的文化素质、科学素质、专业技术素质,专业技术能力,必须加快发展农村职业教育。
[Abstract]:This year, with the convening of the National Conference on Vocational Education, Premier Wen Jiabao attended and gave important speeches and instructions. Vocational education is also being carried out in various parts of the country. However, compared with the development of urban vocational education, Rural vocational education in China is still very backward. Statistics from relevant departments, Every year, more than 8 million junior high school graduates and nearly 1 million high school graduates in rural areas are unable to enter higher schools. A sample survey also shows that more than 75% of rural children in rural areas are directly employed without vocational education after graduating from junior high school. Village children are also directly employed after receiving high school education. The vast majority of rural labor force lacks the necessary professional knowledge; because of the lack of professional skills, most farmers dare not set foot in the more efficient cultivation and breeding industry with characteristics. The vast majority of farmers' planting and breeding structure is single and traditional. The low efficiency of traditional agriculture leads to the low standard of living of ordinary farmers. In order to increase the income, some rural labors have to choose to go out to work. Due to the low quality of the rural labor force, the peasants are also restricted to work outside the country. According to the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, more than 56 percent of urban employment positions are required to reach the primary level or above, and nearly 60% jobs require skilled workers. The quality of rural labor force is obviously low. The low level of education limits the field of employment of migrant workers. Low-income labor-intensive industries have become the main position for the employment of migrant workers. The 11th Five-Year Plan of the Central Committee proposed to build a new socialist countryside. It is very important to build a new socialist countryside, which is to vigorously improve the quality of rural labor. In order to improve farmers' cultural, scientific, technical and professional abilities, it is necessary to speed up the development of rural vocational education.
【分类号】：G725

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