四川省阿坝州藏汉羌族学生膳食营养评价

发布时间：2018-03-18 16:45

本文选题：膳食调查　切入点：营养评价　出处：《中国学校卫生》2006年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解四川省阿坝州少数民族中小学生膳食营养状况,为改善西部少数民族地区中小学生膳食营养状况提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对四川省阿坝藏羌自治州7~18岁藏、汉、羌族男女学生1 651名进行24 h膳食回顾调查,对其膳食质量及营养状况进行分析。结果藏、汉、羌族学生能量摄入普遍不足,各个年龄组未达到RNI的比例均在60%以上。能量主要来源为碳水化物,蛋白质和脂肪供能比偏低;3个民族学生钙摄入量普遍明显不足,低于AI值者超过97%,低于1/2 AI值者占63.2%~93.6%;维生素A、硫胺素和核黄素、维生素C、维生素E均摄入不足,并随年龄增大而加重。3个民族学生能量摄入无明显差异,碳水化物摄入量藏族明显高于汉、羌族;其余各种营养素的摄入量藏、羌族均低于当地汉族,藏族最低。膳食平衡指数评价膳食质量表明,膳食质量距不为0,负端分均在27~32分之间,属中等偏下水平,各族学生蔬菜、水果、奶类和豆类、动物性食物均摄入不足,谷类摄入偏高;食物种类汉族优于藏、羌族,女生优于男生,但总体单调。结论四川省阿坝地区藏、汉、羌族学生营养摄入普遍不足、膳食质量差,藏、羌族学生更需营养改善。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the dietary nutrition status of primary and middle school students in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and to provide the basis for improving the dietary nutrition status of primary and middle school students in western minority areas. A total of 1,651 male and female students of Tibetan, Han and Qiang nationalities in Aba, Tibet and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, were investigated retrospectively for 24 hours, and their dietary quality and nutritional status were analyzed. Results the energy intake of Tibetan, Han and Qiang students was generally insufficient. The proportion of RNI in each age group was more than 60%. The main energy source was carbohydrate, the ratio of protein and fat to energy supply was low, and the calcium intake of students of three nationalities was obviously insufficient. Those below AI value exceeded 97 and 1/2 AI values accounted for 63.2% 93.66.Vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C and vitamin E were all indigested, and aggravated with age. There was no significant difference in energy intake among students of the three nationalities. The intake of carbohydrate in Tibetans was significantly higher than that in Han and Qiang nationality, and the intake of other nutrients was lower in Qiang nationality than in the local Han nationality, and the lowest in Tibetans. The dietary balance index was used to evaluate the dietary quality. The distance of dietary quality is not 0, the negative end score is between 27 and 32 points, which belongs to the middle and lower level. The students of all ethnic groups have insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits, milk and beans, and high intake of cereals, and the Han nationality is superior to the Tibetan and the Qiang people. Conclusion the nutritional intake of Tibetan Han and Qiang nationality students in Aba area of Sichuan Province is generally insufficient the quality of diet is poor Tibetan and Qiang students need more nutrition improvement.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所学生营养室中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所学生营养室中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所学生营养室四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室阿坝州茂县卫生局阿坝州黑水县疾病预防控制中心中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所学生营养室
【基金】：中国营养学会“营养科研基金”资助
【分类号】：G755.5

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