让MOOCs更有意义:在谎言、悖论和可能性的迷宫中沉思

发布时间：2018-06-16 13:12

本文选题：大规模开放网络课程(MOOCs) + 质量与完成率　；参考：《现代远程教育研究》2013年03期

【摘要】：大规模开放网络课程(MOOCs)是一种以开放访问和大规模参与为目的的在线课程。MOOCs作为一种新的教育技术,包括cMOOCs和xMOOCs两种,前者以联通主义理论为基础,强调知识创新与生成;后者以行为主义理论为基础,关注知识重复。两者在教学理念上差异很大,用同一术语表述很容易使人混淆。同以往各种形式的信息技术一样,MOOCs在本质上是一系列操作符号的工具,同时也是基于互联网的低成本教育材料分发和共享的工具,因此在对待MOOCs变革传统高等教育这一问题上应该理性。目前媒体、商业集团和高校机构对xMOOCs的关注处于一种狂热状态,缺乏系统而理性的学术研究,主要体现出四个谎言和悖论:一是学校品牌是教学质量的象征,而实际上它们的声誉是由其研究赢得的,并非教学质量,xMOOCs的低完成率为传统高校所不齿;二是多数xMOOCs机构对成功通过课程考试的学生只提供证书,不生成学分,对比传统学校教育,意味着对学生学业的认证取决于招生而不是课程学习;三是xMOOCs是一种新的教学法并支持个性化学习,而实际上他们采用的是一种过时的行为主义教学法;四是xMOOCs一方面期望和推崇"让知识成为人类共同财产"的理想,却又一方面在积极探索能够盈利的商业模式。MOOCs在炒作背后应该回归理性的发展轨迹,其对传统教育的真正变革应该是将xMOOCs置于全世界公众的视野中,迫使这些机构重视教学和教学法,并将教学作为其核心使命。
[Abstract]:As a new educational technology, MOOCs includes two kinds: cMOOCs and xMOOCs. The former is based on the theory of unionism and emphasizes knowledge innovation and generation. The latter is based on behaviorism and pays attention to knowledge repetition. There is a great difference between the two teaching concepts, and it is easy to confuse them with the same term. Like previous forms of information technology, MOOCs are essentially a set of operational symbols, as well as a tool for the distribution and sharing of low-cost Internet-based educational materials, Therefore, we should be rational in dealing with the traditional higher education reform of MOOCs. At present, the media, business groups and institutions of higher learning are concerned about xMOOCs in a state of fanaticism and lack of systematic and rational academic research, which mainly reflects four lies and paradoxes: first, school brand is the symbol of teaching quality. In fact, their reputation is earned by their research, not that the low completion rate of the quality of teaching is disliked by traditional colleges and universities; second, most xMOOCs institutions provide certificates to students who have successfully passed the course examinations, not credits. Comparing with traditional school education, it means that the certification of students' studies depends on enrollment rather than course study; thirdly, xMOOCs is a new teaching method and supports individualized learning, while in fact they adopt an outdated behaviorist teaching method. On the one hand, xMOOCs expect and promote the ideal of "let knowledge become the common property of mankind", but on the other hand, xMOOCs actively explore profitable business models .MOOCs should return to the rational development track behind the hype. The real change in traditional education should be to put xMOOCs in the public view of the world, to compel these institutions to attach importance to teaching and teaching methods, and to take teaching as its core mission.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学远程教育研究中心;北京师范大学教育技术学院;
【基金】：国家留学基金委2012年建设世界高水平大学公派研究生项目资助
【分类号】：G434

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