基于思维导图的小学自然生命科学教学内容活动设计的实践研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 21:34

本文关键词： 思维导图小学自然活动设计学习兴趣　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：思维导图是一种革命性的思维工具,它综合的运用图形、文字、色彩等,将思维过程直观表达出来。思维导图还能把各级主题的关系用相互隶属与相关的图形表现出来,把主题词(关键词)与图像、颜色等建立记忆框架。基于这些特点,在小学自然学科中,生命科学主题的教学内容丰富多变,运用思维导图工具,进行教学活动设计,解决学生构建知识框架过程中知识概念相互割裂不连续的问题;以大概念理念进行科学教育,引导学生进行逻辑思考,知识框架趋近于大概念的发展过程显得尤为重要。本文主要采用理论研究和实证研究的方法,对基于思维导图的活动设计能够提高学生学习兴趣、大概念发展程度做了量化研究。理论研究部分探讨了关于思维导图应用于科学教育的理论基础和国内外研究现状。实证研究部分进行了小学自然课堂中基于思维导图的活动设计的应用研究,并采集实验班和对照班的相关数据,分析学生学习兴趣、科学大概念的发展程度和知识框架构建程度等方面的改变情况。研究结果表明:1、基于思维导图的活动设计符合小学生的认知规律,其丰富多彩的表现形式能够促进学生对自然学科的兴趣。2、思维导图工具可以促进学生逻辑思维的发展,有利于学生科学大概念的发展,提高课堂学习效率。3、基于思维导图的教学促进学生完成旧知识的迁移和新知识的构建,促进学生将知识概念构成连续的、相互关联的知识体系。4、思维导图对不同学力学生的促进效果有差异。通过行动研究,思维导图的绘制对学生来说要求偏高,纯手绘的思维导图在课堂中难以开展,利用数字设备,在课堂中完成教师预先设计好的导图是个有效的途径。同时,笔者对小学自然阶段适用的思维导图做了归类,总结了7个类型的导图,在教学实践中均对课堂教学起到了促进效果,还可以对思维导图在教学领域的应用积累基础素材和初步的探索性工作。
[Abstract]:Mind map is a revolutionary thinking tool, it uses graphics, text, color and so on. The process of thinking can be expressed intuitively. The map of thinking can also show the relationship between each level of the subject with the graph of mutual membership and correlation, and the theme word (key word) with the image. Based on these characteristics, the teaching contents of life science subjects in primary school are rich and varied, and the teaching activities are designed by using thinking mapping tools. To solve the problem of discontinuity of knowledge concepts in the process of constructing knowledge framework; It is very important to carry out scientific education with the concept of big concept and guide students to think logically. It is very important for the knowledge framework to approach the development process of big concept. This paper mainly adopts the methods of theoretical and empirical research. The activity design based on thinking map can improve students' interest in learning. In the part of theoretical research, the theoretical basis of the application of thinking mapping to science education and the current research situation at home and abroad are discussed. The empirical research part carries on the thinking based on thinking in the primary school natural class. Research on the Application of activity Design of Map. The data of the experimental class and the control class are collected to analyze the changes of students' interest in learning, the degree of development of the big concept of science and the degree of the construction of the knowledge framework. The research results show that: 1. The activity design based on thinking mapping accords with the cognitive law of primary school students, and its rich and colorful forms can promote students' interest in natural subjects. The tool of thinking mapping can promote the development of students' logical thinking. It is beneficial to the development of the big scientific concept of students, to improve the efficiency of classroom learning. The teaching based on thinking map can promote the students to complete the transfer of old knowledge and the construction of new knowledge, and promote the students to form the concept of knowledge into continuous. The related knowledge system. 4. The effect of thinking map on students of different academic ability is different. Through action research, the drawing of thinking map is too high for students. It is difficult to carry out the pure hand-drawn mind map in class. It is an effective way to complete the pre-designed map in class by using digital equipment. At the same time. The author classifies the thinking map in the natural stage of primary school, summarizes seven types of map, and promotes the classroom teaching in teaching practice. It can also accumulate basic materials and preliminary exploratory work for the application of thinking map in teaching field.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.6

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