民国时期上海私立小学研究
发布时间：2018-09-10 06:20
【摘要】：近代新式私立小学肇始于清末外国传教士创办的读经班,而后1878年张焕纶在沪创办正蒙书院,国人自办私立小学开始兴起。进入民国后,上海国人自办私立小学继续发展,并日益走向规范,办学成绩领先全国,在中国小学教育的近代化转型中占据重要地位。本论文即是以民国时期上海国人自办私立小学为主要研究对象,在详细搜集史料的基础上,综合运用文献分析法、统计法、比较法等研究方法,首先按时间顺序纵向厘清私立小学的发展脉络,然后以专题分类,探索私立小学发展的要素如办学主体与经费来源、课程与教学、教师与学生等方面内容,之后以私立澄衷小学为个案,探索其办学具体情况,最后归纳民国时期上海私立小学发展的特点。研究发现民国时期上海私立小学办学主体丰富,主要有绅商、知识分子、同乡会、同业会、工会五类;相应的经费筹措渠道广,主要有学杂费、公私捐款、产业收入、政府补助、银行借贷等。在课程与教学上,私立小学在遵照部令设置课程的同时,也根据学生实际需要与上海商业都市的实际情况,灵活开设了实用性课程,并延长了英语课时。相应地,为了获得更好的教学效果,私立小学也非常重视根据学校实际情况,灵活选取教法,组织教学活动。在教师与学生方面,私立小学教师资格参差不齐,管理规范;学生多为江浙籍贯、家境富裕,同时私立小学也通过设置免费学额等方式对寒门子弟开放。于学生管理上,学校严格要求的同时,也十分注重实行学生自治。
[Abstract]:In 1878, Zhang Huanlun founded Zhengmeng Academy in Shanghai. After entering the Republic of China, the private primary schools run by Shanghai people continue to develop and become more and more standardized, leading the country in running schools, and occupying an important position in the modernization transformation of primary education in China. Based on the detailed collection of historical data, this paper takes the private primary schools run by the people of Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China as the main research object, and synthetically applies the methods of literature analysis, statistical analysis, comparison and so on. Firstly, the development of private primary schools is sorted out in chronological order, then the main elements of the development of private primary schools, such as the main body of running a school and the source of funds, the curriculum and teaching, the teachers and students, and so on, are explored by thematic classification. Then take the private Chengjin primary school as a case to explore the specific conditions of running a school and finally sum up the characteristics of the development of private primary schools in Shanghai during the Republic of China. The study found that the main body of private primary schools in Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China was abundant, mainly including gentry and merchants, intellectuals, local associations, trade unions, and the corresponding financing channels were wide, mainly including tuition fees, public and private donations, industrial income, etc. Government subsidies, bank loans, etc In terms of curriculum and teaching, private primary schools have set up curriculum according to the order of the Ministry, but also set up practical courses flexibly according to the actual needs of students and the actual situation of Shanghai's commercial city, and extended the hours of English classes. Accordingly, in order to obtain better teaching effect, private primary schools also attach great importance to flexibly selecting teaching methods and organizing teaching activities according to the actual conditions of the schools. In terms of teachers and students, the qualifications of teachers in private primary schools are not uniform, and the management standards; most of the students are native to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and their families are rich. At the same time, private primary schools are also open to Hanmen children through the establishment of free places. In student management, the school strict requirements, but also attaches great importance to the implementation of student autonomy.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G629.29
本文编号：2233635
[Abstract]:In 1878, Zhang Huanlun founded Zhengmeng Academy in Shanghai. After entering the Republic of China, the private primary schools run by Shanghai people continue to develop and become more and more standardized, leading the country in running schools, and occupying an important position in the modernization transformation of primary education in China. Based on the detailed collection of historical data, this paper takes the private primary schools run by the people of Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China as the main research object, and synthetically applies the methods of literature analysis, statistical analysis, comparison and so on. Firstly, the development of private primary schools is sorted out in chronological order, then the main elements of the development of private primary schools, such as the main body of running a school and the source of funds, the curriculum and teaching, the teachers and students, and so on, are explored by thematic classification. Then take the private Chengjin primary school as a case to explore the specific conditions of running a school and finally sum up the characteristics of the development of private primary schools in Shanghai during the Republic of China. The study found that the main body of private primary schools in Shanghai during the period of the Republic of China was abundant, mainly including gentry and merchants, intellectuals, local associations, trade unions, and the corresponding financing channels were wide, mainly including tuition fees, public and private donations, industrial income, etc. Government subsidies, bank loans, etc In terms of curriculum and teaching, private primary schools have set up curriculum according to the order of the Ministry, but also set up practical courses flexibly according to the actual needs of students and the actual situation of Shanghai's commercial city, and extended the hours of English classes. Accordingly, in order to obtain better teaching effect, private primary schools also attach great importance to flexibly selecting teaching methods and organizing teaching activities according to the actual conditions of the schools. In terms of teachers and students, the qualifications of teachers in private primary schools are not uniform, and the management standards; most of the students are native to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and their families are rich. At the same time, private primary schools are also open to Hanmen children through the establishment of free places. In student management, the school strict requirements, but also attaches great importance to the implementation of student autonomy.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G629.29
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