武术专项身体素质训练对降低小学生运动损伤风险的探究

发布时间：2019-05-17 16:04

【摘要】：武术专项身体素质训练是一种有针对性的训练方法,有其独特的训练理念。现阶段由于教育的多元化和体质测试的深入加强,以及国家对全民健身的日益普及,我国中小学生对体育锻炼的认知明显加强,与以往相比,积极参加体育锻炼的学生人数正在上升。除学校常规体育课程外,许多学生已经开始跻身到课外的体育活动中,此间,由于多种缘由,学生出现损伤的风险也随之加大,这非常不利于他们的成长。在北京第二实验小学大兴实验学校中(以下简称大兴实验学校),2015年3月-2015年12月学生因体育运动受伤的人数高达29人,2016年上半年因运动受伤的人数就高达27人。本文主要通过查阅文献法与实验对比法探讨在小学生体育课程中融入武术专项身体素质训练方法的可行性与其训练效果,为降低小学生在体育运动中损伤,提供有益的理论支持和借鉴价值。研究主要通过FMS(身体功能动作筛选)作为测量载体,通过标准分数测量出学生是否存在运动损伤的风险,对其进行武术专项身体素质训练,在现实意义上,所研究的内容对减少小学生体育课出现损伤是有效的。通过对北京第二实验小学大兴实验学校5年级3班22人进行武术专项身体素质训练的实验研究中得出以下结论:(1)武术专项身体素质训练方法在北京第二实验小学大兴实验学校五年级体育课程中的应用是可行的,从数据的分析来看,取得了较好的训练效果,对传统的体育课程有一定的创新意义。(2)武术专项身体素质训练可以有效的提高小学生的身体素质,从而提高了 FMS的分数,一定程度上降低了小学生在体育课中运动损伤的风险。(3)现阶段小学生的年龄特点,在进行武术专项身体素质的时候要遵循兴趣的原则、系统的原则、完整的原则以及动作与技能相结合原则。(4)武术专项身体素质首先要求小学生依照最规范的动作进行,不可出现错误动作,每一个动作必须要求关节幅度达到标准的生理学意义,不然起不到较好的训练效果。
[Abstract]:Martial arts special physical quality training is a targeted training method, with its unique training concept. At this stage, due to the diversification of education and the further strengthening of physique testing, as well as the increasing popularity of national fitness, primary and secondary school students in China have significantly strengthened their understanding of physical exercise, compared with the past. The number of students actively participating in physical exercise is on the rise. In addition to the regular physical education curriculum, many students have begun to join the extracurricular sports activities, because of a variety of reasons, the risk of students' injury is also increased, which is very detrimental to their growth. In Daxing Experimental School, the second experimental primary school in Beijing (hereinafter referred to as Daxing Experimental School), 29 students were injured by sports from March 2015 to December 2015, and 27 students were injured by sports in the first half of 2016. This paper mainly discusses the feasibility and training effect of integrating martial arts special physical quality training method into primary school students' physical education curriculum by consulting literature method and experimental comparison method, in order to reduce the injury of primary school students in sports. To provide useful theoretical support and reference value. The research mainly uses FMS (physical function and action screening) as the measuring carrier, measures whether the students have the risk of sports injury through the standard score, and carries on the martial arts special physical quality training, in the practical sense, The content of the study is effective to reduce the damage of physical education for primary school students. Through the experimental study of 22 students in Class 3 of Grade 5 of Daxing Experimental School in Beijing second Experimental Primary School, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the second real training method of Wushu special physical fitness in Beijing. It is feasible to test the application of physical education curriculum in the fifth grade of Daxing Experimental School in primary school. From the analysis of the data, good training effect has been obtained, which has certain innovative significance for the traditional physical education curriculum. (2) Wushu special physical quality training can effectively improve the physical quality of primary school students, thus improving the score of FMS. To a certain extent, the risk of sports injury of primary school students in physical education class is reduced. (3) at this stage, the age characteristics of primary school students should follow the principle of interest and the principle of system when carrying out the special physical quality of martial arts. The principle of integrity and the principle of combining movement with skills. (4) the special physical quality of martial arts requires primary school students to carry out the most standardized movements and not to make mistakes. Each action must require the joint amplitude to reach the standard physiological significance, otherwise it will not have a good training effect.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8

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