扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施配备与利用研究

发布时间：2019-06-07 18:47

【摘要】：小学体育是学校体育的重要基础环节,是我国整个学校教育体系中的重要组成部分,小学体育对于组织指导学生的体育锻炼,促进学生智力水平的发育,保障学生的身心健康,促进学生德、智、体、美、劳的全面发展具有重要的不可替代的作用。小学体育的开展离不开必要的、适宜的体育场地器材设施,体育场地器材设施是保证学校体育工作正常开展的物质基础,因此国家对学校体育场地器材设施制定了的配备标准。本文依据《江苏省中小学教育技术装备标准》(小学)部分及《中小学体育器材设施配备目录》中一类必配类的标准,通过对江苏省扬州市区小学的体育场地器材设施与利用情况进行问卷调查和实地考察,旨在了解目前江苏省扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施配备与利用现状与问题,对其进行深入分析,并提出对策,进而更好的促进小学体育场地器材设施完善与利用,真正做到场地器材设施为学生所用,为推动学校体育工作所服务。本文以扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施的配备与利用为研究对象；以扬州市区随机抽取样本学校学生、体育教师、体育教研组长为调查对象。采用了实地考察、学生问卷、教师问卷、访谈等方法,了解现状,分析问题,找出原因,进而提出解决问题的思路与方法。通过问卷调查、实地考查与面访,结果发现目前扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施配备有以下问题：第一是扬州市区小学体育场地的配备问题：扬州市区的小学体育场地人均面积存在着不足、体育场地规格过于成人化、体育场地的数量较少不能达到最基本的小学体育场地配备标准。第二是扬州市区小学体育器材设施的配备问题：扬州市区小学配备的体育器材设施存在着体育器材设施种类不齐全、数量不足、规格成人化的问题。第三是扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施的利用问题：在体育与健康课、课外体育锻炼、课外运动训练、校内体育竞赛中排球场地的经常使用率不超过30%,室内场地的经常使用率不超过30%。数据表明了,排球场地和室内体育场馆没有得到充分的利用。体育与健康课上经常使用单双杠、山羊跳箱、跳高设施的人数比率不足20%,从不使用山羊跳箱的比率达66.25%,数据说明了,扬州市区小学,部分体育器材设施利用严重不足,尤其是体操类器材如：山羊跳箱、单双杠、跳高器材设施。第四是扬州市区小学体育场地器材设施配备与小学体育理念、体育与健康课程、课外体育锻炼以及小学生身心发展不相适应的问题：体育教师在选取体育场地器材设施考虑安全性、教学需要、学校条件的人数比率均达90%及以上水平,其中考虑安全性原因的比率达到了93.75%,考虑学校现有配备的条件的人数比率占95%,考虑学生需要原因比率也达到了73.75%。数据表明,教师认为学校体育场地器材设施的配备应符合学生需要,多方面考虑,如：器材设施的安全性、学校的配备条件、教学的需要等。基于对于扬州市小学体育场地器材设备的调查与实地考察发现的问题及其原因分析,作者提出以下建议：1.面临体育场地人均面积不足的学校应当适当控制班级轨制(规模),合理规划校内平坦空场地；政府增加资金投入扩建学校体育场地,学校管理者加大对体育场地规划的支出。2.部分体育场地器材设施成人化的问题,学校应重新合理规划体育场地器材设施的规格,根据小学生身心发展水平设计体育场地器材设施的规格。3.体育器材种类不全、数量不足的学校应积极鼓励教师开发自制体育器材设施,丰富体育器材设施的种类,同时学校管理者对于体育器材设施的经费也要给予支持。4.部分体育场地器材设施利用不足的问题,学校要合理分配使用体育场地,像室内体育场地要在恶劣天气时更加充分利用起来,体育器材设施则是教会学生安全使用,鼓励学生多加利用。5.要适当修改关于小学体育器材设施的配备标准,不符合学生兴趣、不被教师选取的体育器材设施,应当减少配备或者不配备该类体育器材设施。
[Abstract]:The primary school physical education is an important basic link of the school physical education. It is an important part of the whole school education system of our country. The primary school physical education is an important part of the whole school education system of our country. The primary school physical education is for the organization to guide the physical training of the students, to promote the development of the students' intelligence level, to guarantee the physical and mental health of the students, to promote the students' moral, intelligence, body and beauty, The comprehensive development of labor has an important and irreplaceable role. It is necessary to carry out the primary school physical education, and the appropriate physical and equipment facilities and sports facilities are the material base for ensuring the normal operation of the school physical education, so the state has established the standard for the school sports facilities and facilities. This paper is based on the criteria of the first class of compulsory class in the elementary and secondary education and technical equipment standard of Jiangsu Province and the equipment of the primary and secondary schools and the facilities of the primary and secondary schools, and through the investigation of the facilities and the utilization of the facilities and facilities of the sports facilities in the primary school in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, In ord to understand that present situation and problems of the provision and utilization of the equipment and facilities in the primary school in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, the present situation and problems are analyzed, and the countermeasures are put forward. In ord to promote that service of school physical education. This paper takes the equipment and facilities of the primary school in Yangzhou city as the research object, and takes the sample school students, the physical education teachers and the sports teaching and research group in the city of Yangzhou as the research object. This paper uses the methods of field visit, student's questionnaire, teacher's questionnaire, interview and so on, to know the present situation, to analyze the problems, to find out the cause, and then to put forward the thought and method to solve the problem. Through the questionnaire, the field examination and the interview, the result shows that the present equipment and facilities in the primary school of Yangzhou city are equipped with the following problems: the first is the problem of the provision of the sports ground in the primary school in Yangzhou city: the average per-capita area of the primary school sports field in the city of Yangzhou is not enough, The specification of the sports field is too adult, and the number of sports sites is less than that of the most basic physical and sports field. The second is the problem of the provision of sports equipment in the primary school in Yangzhou city. The facilities and facilities of the sports equipment in the primary school of Yangzhou are not complete, the quantity is insufficient, the size of the equipment is the problem. The third is the utilization of the facilities of the sports facilities in the primary school in the city of Yangzhou: in the course of physical education and health, out-of-class physical training, after-class exercise training, the regular utilization rate of the volleyball court in the sports competition in the school is not more than 30%, and the regular utilization rate of the indoor space is not more than 30%. The data shows that the volleyball court and the indoor sports venues are not fully utilized. In the course of physical education and health, the ratio of the number of the single-bar, the goat's jump box and the high jump facilities is less than 20%, and the ratio of the use of the goat to the box is up to 66.25%. Goat jump box, single bar, high jump equipment and facilities. The fourth is the problem that the equipment and facilities of the primary school in the city of Yangzhou are equipped with the primary school physical education idea, the physical education and the health course, the extracurricular physical exercise and the physical and mental development of the primary school students. The ratio of the number of persons in school was 90 per cent and above, in which the ratio of the reasons for security was 93.75 per cent, taking into account the 95 per cent ratio of the number of existing conditions in the school and 73.75 per cent for students to take into account the needs of the students. The data show that the teachers think the facilities of the physical facilities of the school should meet the needs of the students, such as the safety of the equipment and facilities, the condition of the school, the need of teaching, etc. Based on the investigation and the investigation of the equipment and equipment in the primary school of Yangzhou city and the cause analysis, the author puts forward the following suggestions:1. In the face of the insufficient per-capita area of the sports field, the school should properly control the class track system (scale), reasonably plan the flat and empty space in the school, increase the investment in the government to expand the physical space of the school, and increase the expenditure on the planning of the sports field by the school administrator. In part of the problem of the adult education of the equipment and facilities of the sports field, the school should rereasonably plan the specifications of the equipment and facilities of the sports field, and design the specifications of the sports facilities and facilities according to the level of physical and mental development of the primary school students. The shortage of sports equipment and the insufficient number of schools should actively encourage the teachers to develop self-made sports equipment and facilities, enrich the types of sports equipment and facilities, and also support the funds of the school administrators for sports equipment and facilities. In part of that problem of underutilization of the facilities and facilities of the sports field, the school should reasonably allocate the use of sports field, such as indoor sports field to make full use of the bad weather, and the sports equipment facilities are the safe use of the church students and encourage the students to make more use. The provision of facilities for sports equipment in primary schools shall be appropriately modified, and the facilities for sports equipment, which do not meet the interests of the students and are not selected by the teachers, shall be reduced to be equipped or not equipped with such facilities.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G623.8

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