小学高段习作讲评课教学策略优化的研究

发布时间：2019-06-09 17:34

【摘要】：作文评价属于写作教学的衔接环节,起到了反思、总结、展望的作用,能加强学生对写作的认识,找出自身问题,并探寻到具有针对性的改进措施,在作文教学全过程中,具有至关重要的承上启下的作用。然而,长期以来,小学语文作文评价教学质量不佳,课堂以教师为主,可以说是教师的“一言堂”,难以调动学生评改热情,难以实现“以评促写,以点激趣”的功能。小学高年级阶段,如何有效实现三维教学目标,建构有效益的习作讲评课基本模式,通过习作讲评促进学生写作水平的提升,值得深入研究。一直以来,语文教学与研究工作者都致力于探索如何实施有效评价,并提出了一些建设性的意见,但是现阶段评价教学的效果依旧不好。如何通过采取有效评价,优化小学语文高段习作评价策略,探寻契合新课改理念的更加有效、科学的习作讲评策略与途径,使得习作教学更加高效,改进教学活动,促进学生综合素质得以顺利发展,这一问题属于理论研究与实践探索中的重要课题,需要深入展开进一步的探索与研究。随着课程深化的逐步推进与实施,教与学的模式上发生了较为深刻的革新。《语文课程标准(2011版)》将教学评价定位为致力于促进学生综合素质发展,这必然带来作文评价方式的根本变革:作文评价不再只是终结性评价,而是一种形成性评价。习作讲评,不是为了评定学生作文成绩,其目标是优化学生整体写作思路、写作过程与写作模式,提升学生习作水平。构建多维、多主体、多种方式结合的习作评价模式,采用多元化的习作讲评策略有利于促进学生写作能力,促进学生综合发展。本文置身于我国语文课程改革的大背景,结合小学高年级语文习作讲评现状来分析,其目标是探索有效、科学、完善的习作讲评机制,通过整理与吸收各方面专家的观点,研究并提出多元化习作讲评体系建构应该遵循实施原则。基于新课改理念中对小学高年级习作教学目标的相关要求,结合学生认知水平、身心发展规律,探索出有效、科学的多元化习作讲评指标,从习作评价教学的目标、内容和方式优化入手,以保障习作讲评的顺利实施,同时提出基于现代信息技术展开网络化习作讲评、实施专题式习作讲评课等策略。研究表明,多元化作文评价策略能调动学生主观能动性,实施量化与质性相结合的评价策略,有利于促进学生习作水平的整体发展,通过多元评价,促进师生、生生的交流与分享,在反馈、交流和修改中提升习作能力,本项研究具有较强的现实意义与应用价值。
[Abstract]:Composition evaluation belongs to the cohesion link of writing teaching, which plays the role of reflection, summary and prospect. It can strengthen students' understanding of writing, find out their own problems, and explore targeted improvement measures in the whole process of composition teaching. It plays a vital role in connecting the preceding and the following. However, for a long time, the teaching quality of Chinese composition evaluation in primary school is not good, the classroom is mainly teachers, it can be said that it is the "arbitrariness" of teachers, it is difficult to mobilize students' enthusiasm for evaluation and reform, and it is difficult to realize the function of "promoting writing by evaluation and stimulating interest". In the senior grade stage of primary school, how to effectively realize the goal of three-dimensional teaching, construct the basic mode of effective lecture evaluation of exercises, and promote the improvement of students' writing level through the evaluation of exercises is worthy of further study. For a long time, Chinese teaching and research workers have been committed to exploring how to implement effective evaluation, and put forward some constructive suggestions, but the effect of evaluation teaching is still not good at this stage. How to adopt effective evaluation, optimize the evaluation strategy of Chinese high-level exercises in primary school, and explore more effective and scientific strategies and ways to adapt to the concept of new curriculum reform, so as to make the teaching of exercises more efficient and improve the teaching activities. To promote the smooth development of students' comprehensive quality, this problem belongs to the important topic of theoretical research and practical exploration, which needs to be further explored and studied. With the gradual promotion and implementation of the deepening of the curriculum, a profound innovation has taken place in the mode of teaching and learning. The Chinese Curriculum Standard (2011 Edition) defines the teaching evaluation as dedicated to promoting the development of students' comprehensive quality. This will inevitably bring about a fundamental change in the way of composition evaluation: composition evaluation is no longer just final evaluation, but a formative evaluation. The purpose of exercises is not to evaluate students' composition performance, but to optimize students' overall writing thinking, writing process and writing mode, and to improve students' writing level. It is beneficial to promote students' writing ability and comprehensive development to construct a multi-dimensional, multi-subject and multi-way evaluation model, and to adopt a variety of exercises and evaluation strategies to promote students' writing ability and comprehensive development. This paper puts itself in the background of the reform of Chinese curriculum in our country, and analyzes the present situation of the evaluation of Chinese exercises in the senior grade of primary school. The goal of this paper is to explore an effective, scientific and perfect mechanism for the evaluation of exercises, and to sort out and absorb the views of experts from all aspects. This paper studies and puts forward that the construction of the evaluation system of diversified exercises should follow the principles of implementation. Based on the related requirements of the teaching objectives of exercises in the senior grade of primary school in the concept of new curriculum reform, combined with the cognitive level of students and the law of physical and mental development, this paper explores an effective and scientific evaluation index of diversified exercises, and evaluates the teaching objectives from exercises. Starting with the optimization of contents and methods, in order to ensure the smooth implementation of the evaluation of exercises, and at the same time, this paper puts forward some strategies, such as carrying out the evaluation of network exercises based on modern information technology, and carrying out the lecture and evaluation of thematic exercises. The research shows that pluralistic composition evaluation strategy can mobilize students' subjective initiative and implement quantitative and qualitative evaluation strategy, which is beneficial to promote the overall development of students' practice level, and promote teachers and students through multivariate evaluation. This study has strong practical significance and application value in order to improve the ability of practice in feedback, communication and modification.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.24

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