“阶段—决策”模型下医学生心理求助行为分析

发布时间：2018-04-19 05:14

本文选题：模型 + 心理学　；参考：《中国学校卫生》2015年06期

【摘要】：目的通过比较心理困扰未求助组和主动求助组在心理求助行为"阶段—决策模型"中的差异,分析阻碍医学生寻求心理咨询帮助的原因,为使医学生能够进行心理求助行为提供有效措施。方法用方便整群取样的方法选取某医学院的731名学生,采用大学生人格问卷(University Personality Inventory)以及自编的医学生心理求助行为调查表进行匿名问卷调查,筛出存在心理问题但不愿进行心理咨询的学生15名作为未求助组,另选取该校主动前往学生心理咨询中心进行心理求助学生作为求助组,并分为轻症求助组57名和重症求助组51名。结果在心理问题的知觉阶段,未求助组生理失调影响心理状态的选择率(48.89%)与轻症求助组(29.24%)差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.189,P=0.013)。在自助性评估阶段,未求助组(40.00%)与轻症求助组(21.64%)在心情不好时采取回避的选择率差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.658,P0.01)。在他助性评估阶段,关于何种情况应进行心理咨询,未求助组(13.33%)比轻症求助组(61.40%)更少的选择"想要探索和完善自己"(χ2=10.984,P0.01);另外,相对于2个求助组,未求助组更多的选择希望心理咨询师提供"托付和拯救"(χ2轻=10.777,χ2重=4.086,P值均0.05),更多的选择"不了解心理咨询,不明白如何启步"(χ2轻=33.805,χ2重=8.656,P值均0.01)。结论心理求助行为是一个复杂的决策过程,有困扰但未求助者与主动求助者相比更倾向于被动、回避、抱有侥幸态度的应对方式,表现出更多与他人的隔离、对他人评判的担忧和介意,以及对心理咨询的不了解和不切实际的期待。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the differences between the psychological distress group and the active help group in the "stage-decision model" of psychological help-seeking behavior, and to analyze the reasons that hinder medical students from seeking psychological counseling and help.In order to enable medical students to psychological help behavior to provide effective measures.Methods 731 students in a medical college were selected by the convenient cluster sampling method. The college students' personality questionnaire (Personality inventory) and the self-designed questionnaire of psychological help-seeking behavior of medical students were used to carry out anonymous questionnaires.Fifteen students who had psychological problems but did not want to do psychological counseling were selected as no help group, and the students who took the initiative to go to the student psychological counseling center were selected as the help group.The patients were divided into mild group (57 cases) and severe group (51 cases).Results in the perceptual stage of psychological problems, the selection rate of physiological disorders affecting mental state in the non-help-seeking group was 48.89 and 29.240.There was a significant difference between the non-help-seeking group and the mild help-seeking group (蠂 ~ 2 = 6.189) (蠂 ~ 2 = 6.189).In the self-help evaluation stage, there was a significant difference between the non-help group (40.00g) and the mild help group (21.64) when they were in a bad mood. There was a significant difference in the selection rate of avoidance (蠂 ~ 2 / 12.658 / P ~ (0.01)).During the evaluation phase, the non-help group (13.33) chose "to explore and improve itself" (蠂 ~ 2 10.984) less than the mild group (61.40) (蠂 ~ (2) 10.984 / P 0.01); in addition, compared to the two help groups, the non-help group (13.33) chose to "want to explore and improve oneself" (蠂 ~ 2 / 10.984 / P _ 0.01).The patients in the non-help group were more likely to offer "entrustment and rescue" (蠂 ~ 2 = 10.777, 蠂 ~ 2 = 4.086P = 0.05), and more choices were "not knowing psychological counseling, not knowing how to start" (蠂 ~ 2 = 33.805, 蠂 ~ 2 = 8.656P = 0.01).Conclusion Psychological help-seeking behavior is a complicated decision-making process. The coping style of psychological help-seeking behavior, which is more passive, evasive and fluky, is more isolated from others than that of active help-seekers.Worry and mind about other people's judgment, and lack of understanding and unrealistic expectations of counseling.
【作者单位】：北京大学医学部教育处;
【分类号】：G444

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