长沙市农民工子女城市就读的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 22:04

本文关键词：长沙市农民工子女城市就读的问题及对策研究　出处：《湖南农业大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国改革开放的推进,工业化和城市化进程不断加快,市场对劳动力资源的需求不断增加。在这种经济发展的大环境下,我国大量农村剩余劳动力向城市迁移,出现了大量的流动人口。这些数以亿计的农村剩余劳动力(即被称为农民工)在迁移过程中大部分是举家迁移,因此农民工子女的受教育问题成为城市发展中的一个焦点。农民工子女的受教育与否不仅关系到他们自身的发展,更关系到国家的前途命运。当前,我国的义务教育制度实行以户籍制度为基础的“城市以区为主,农村以县为主”的分级管理体制,财政体制实行地域分割。因此,流入地城市没有义务也没有财力为农民工子女的就学承担责任,农民工流入地的政府和相关教育部门由于教育经费的有限往往被动地接收农民工子女进入公立学校就学。农民工子女城市就读面临一系列制度上和执行上的难题与障碍,同时农民工子女进入新环境在心理、生活习惯等方面都存在一个适应性的问题。为农民工子女提供接受义务教育的机会是我国社会转型过程中所必然付出的成本,这个成本应当由全体社会共同承担。人口流动是经济发展与社会进步的必然趋势,为农民工子女提供接受教育的机会也是我国城市化过程中产生的一种新的文化需求。因此,有必要改革现行的教育体制,国家、政府、社会应当主动承担起全民义务教育的历史伟任。本文以湖南农业大学子弟中小学为例,针对农民工子女在城市就读中出现的问题进行剖析,分别从农民工学生家长角度、学生角度以及教师角度探讨农民工子女目前在的生活、学习等方面的问题,分析导致这些现象发生的内在原因,并针对这些问题,提出改革城乡二元户籍制度,将农民工子女接受义务教育的权利纳入法制轨道；推行义务教育体制改革,以法律形式保障农民工子女接受义务教育的权利；改革农民工子女受教育财政供给制度,增加流入地的财政供给；加强对农民工子女的心理疏导,创新教育形式；形成以公立学校为主、私立学校为辅的教育格局,提升办学质量等政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's reform and opening up, the process of industrialization and urbanization is accelerating, and the demand for labor resources is increasing. In this economic development environment, a large number of rural surplus labor migration to the city, a large number of floating population. These hundreds of millions of rural surplus labor force, that is, migrant workers, is mostly family migration. Therefore, the education problem of migrant workers' children has become a focus in urban development. The education of the children of migrant workers is not only related to their own development, but also to the future and destiny of the country. At present, China's compulsory education system is based on the household registration system, which is mainly based on the household registration system, and the rural area is mainly based on the county level. Therefore, the inflowing cities have no obligation or financial resources to take responsibility for their children's schooling. The government and related educational departments of migrant workers' inflows often passively receive the children of migrant workers to enter public schools because of the limited educational funds. There are a series of difficulties and obstacles in the system and implementation of migrant workers' children in urban areas. Meanwhile, there is an adaptive problem in migrant workers' children's entry into the new environment in terms of psychology, living habits and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G521

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