研究生学术道德失范原因分析及学术制度应对

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:38

本文选题：研究生　切入点：学术道德　出处：《河南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国研究生教育的大众化发展阶段的到来，我国研究生在校人数在短短的几十年内已经成为仅次于美国的世界第二。数量的急剧增加一方面反映我国高等教育的快速发展，另一方面也折射出我国研究生教育质量的下滑，而频频发生的研究生学术道德失范的事件就是很好的证明。从2006年的抄袭事件到2009年的“世上最牛的研究生论文抄袭事件”，说明单纯被曝光并没有对学术道德失范行为起到有效的遏制，这类事件反而越演越烈，不仅浪费了我国有限的宝贵教育资源，更是有损学术的严肃性，不利于我国学术的健康发展。在梳理国内外的相关研究中发现：这些研究大都采用经济学、教育学、社会学和管理学的视角，而在为数不多的从制度视角进行的研究，也基本都是从社会宏观层面论述的，因此本文把重点放在学术制度的讨论上。以期得到以下效果：在宏观层面，，能为国家机关制定研究生教育的制度规范提供参考；在中观层面，能为高校的管理机构监管研究生学术不端行为提供建议；在微观层面，能为研究生更为全面的认识学术道德失范内容和表现形式，避免无意识失范提供保障。通过结构性访谈法，整理出研究生学术道德失范的表现形式有：捏造或伪造实验数据、抄袭或剽窃他人的研究成果、杜撰参考文献和一稿两投或两发、论文署名中侵占他人成果等。而研究生学术道德失范所带来的危害主要有：阻碍学术进步、引发社会道德危机、浪费资源、扼杀民族创新力和影响高校社会功能发挥。通过对研究生学术道德失范的生理学、心理学和社会学理论分析，得出研究生学术道德失范的间接和直接原因。间接原因分社会政治、经济和文化制度的缺陷三个方面论述。直接原因是本文的创新之处，从内在学术制度的供给不足、学术法律制度、学术评价制度、学术管理制度、学术奖惩制度和学术发表制度的缺陷几个方面展开论述。在对以上研究生学术道德失范行为进行深入理论分析和归因分析，在介绍了国外在研究生学术道德失范方面的经验和利弊得失之后，提出了我国研究生学术道德失范行为的应对策略，而内在学术制度的完善和有效的外在学术制度的建立无疑是重塑我国学术界谦虚谨慎的态度和实事求是的科学精神的重要途径。
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the popular development stage of graduate education in China, the number of graduate students in our country has become the second largest in the world in just a few decades. The rapid increase in the number of graduate students reflects on the one hand the rapid development of higher education in China. On the other hand, it also reflects the decline in the quality of graduate education in China. From the plagiarism incident in 2006 to the "greatest plagiarism event in the world" in 2009, it is clear that mere exposure has not caused any loss of academic morality. Norm acts as an effective deterrent. On the contrary, such incidents are becoming more and more intense, which not only wastes our country's limited and precious educational resources, but also harms the seriousness of the academic community. It is not conducive to the healthy development of Chinese academic. In combing the relevant studies at home and abroad, we find that most of these studies adopt the perspectives of economics, pedagogy, sociology and management, while in the few studies carried out from the perspective of institution, This paper focuses on the discussion of academic system in order to get the following results: at the macro level, it can provide reference for the establishment of the system norms of graduate education by state organs; At the meso level, it can provide advice for the management organization of universities to supervise the academic misconduct of graduate students; at the micro level, it can provide the guarantee for the graduate students to understand the contents and forms of academic moral anomie more comprehensively and avoid the unintentional anomie. Through structured interviews, the forms of academic moral misconduct of postgraduates are summarized as follows: fabricating or falsifying experimental data, plagiarizing or plagiarizing other people's research results, fabricating reference documents and making up one draft and two submissions or two issues. The damage caused by the loss of academic morality of graduate students mainly includes hindering academic progress, causing social moral crisis, wasting resources, strangling national innovation and influencing the social function of colleges and universities. By analyzing the physiological, psychological and sociological theories of graduate students' academic moral anomie, the indirect and direct causes of graduate students' academic moral anomie are obtained. The indirect causes are divided into social and political aspects. The direct reason is the innovation of this paper, from the following aspects: insufficient supply of internal academic system, academic legal system, academic evaluation system, academic management system, The defects of academic reward and punishment system and academic publication system are discussed. After the theoretical analysis and attribution analysis of the above academic moral anomie behavior, the author introduces the experience, advantages and disadvantages of the foreign countries in the academic moral anomie of graduate students. This paper puts forward the countermeasures of our country's graduate student's academic moral anomie behavior. The perfection of internal academic system and the establishment of effective external academic system are undoubtedly an important way to reshape the modest and prudent attitude of Chinese academic circles and the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G644;G643

【参考文献】