建国以来我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度变迁研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 18:56

本文选题：推荐免试 + 制度变迁　；参考：《四川师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国的硕士研究生推荐免试制度自建国初期创生以来,经过60余年的发展,在不断完善的同时也出现了一些问题。为了更好地认识推荐免试制度,本文以时间为脉络,将推荐免试制度的变迁分为三个时期进行全景式梳理,呈现推荐免试制度变迁的事实面貌。在此基础上,本文借用新制度经济学的制度变迁理论对推荐免试制度变迁中的主体、动因和变迁方式进行阐述,从而分析推荐免试制度存在问题的深层次原因。全文主要包括史实呈现和理论分析,共分六章: 第一章“导论”,包括选题的缘由与研究价值、核心概念界定、研究现状、研究思路与研究方法。第二章“我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度变迁的历史轨迹”,将推荐免试制度的变迁分为探索期、发展期、调整期三个时期,通过史实呈现为本文的制度分析提供事实依据。第三章“我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度变迁的主体”,对各个时期内推动推荐免试制度变迁的主体进行分析,探寻他们推动推荐免试制度变迁的利益动机。第四章“我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度变迁的动因”,对各个时期导致推荐免试制度变迁的原因进行分析,说明推荐免试制度的变迁是多种因素综合作用的结果。第五章“我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度变迁的方式”,综合论述推荐免试制度确立60余年来的变迁方式,以期从宏观上把握推荐免试制度变迁的轨迹。第六章“我国硕士研究生推荐免试制度的现实与前瞻”,从制度变迁主体、制度变迁动因和制度变迁方式三个角度对推荐免试制度的现状进行分析,并从制度层面对推荐免试制度改革进行合理前瞻。本文认为,推荐免试制度的变迁是政府主导的包括高校、导师、考生在内的行动者主体追求自我利益的过程,它受到政治、经济、文化、教育等多种因素的影响。到目前为止,推荐免试制度变迁的方式已经从供给主导型转向中间扩散型。在这种情况下,政府为了保障变革的有效、可控,采用试点推广的渐进方式进行制度变迁。政府主导虽然可以使制度安排一步到位,但不利于发挥其他主体的积极性,从而导致推荐免试制度的安排不能完全切合实际需求;中间扩散型制度方式虽然能使制度安排有一定的调整余地,但也有可能给利益群体“寻租”和各种“搭便车”现象创造空间,甚至导致改革机制变形。据此,笔者对推荐免试制度的改革提出了几点构想:首先,在弱化政府利益的基础上逐步凸显导师利益;其次,加强监控机制建设,确保推荐免试制度自身设计的科学性和系统性;最后,政府从制度创新领域退出,促使推荐免试制度的变迁从中间扩散型向需求诱致型过渡。
[Abstract]:After more than 60 years' development, the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in our country has appeared some problems at the same time of continuous improvement after more than 60 years of development since the founding of the country. In order to better understand the system of recommendation exemption, this paper divides the change of recommendation exemption system into three periods for a panoramic combing, and presents the fact appearance of the change of recommendation exemption system. On this basis, this paper uses the institutional change theory of the new institutional economics to explain the main body, the motivation and the vicissitudes of the recommended exemption system, so as to analyze the deep-seated causes of the problems in the recommendation exemption system. The full text mainly includes the historical facts presentation and the theory analysis, altogether divides into six chapters: The first chapter is introduction, including the reason and research value of the topic, the definition of core concept, the present research situation, the research thought and the research method. The second chapter is "the historical track of the change of the system of recommending exemption for graduate students of our country", which divides the vicissitude of the system into three periods: exploration period, development period and adjustment period, and provides the factual basis for the analysis of the system through the historical facts. The third chapter is "the subject of the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in our country". It analyzes the subjects who push forward the change of exemption system in each period, and probes into their interest motive of promoting the change of exemption system of recommendation. Chapter four, "the reasons of the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in China", analyzes the reasons that lead to the change of the system of exemption from examination in each period, and shows that the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination is the result of the comprehensive action of many factors. The fifth chapter is "the way of the change of the system of recommending the exemption from examination for the graduate students of our country". The sixth chapter, "the reality and prospect of the system of recommending exemption for graduate students in China", analyzes the present situation of the system from three angles: the main body of institutional change, the motivation of institutional change and the mode of institutional change. And from the system level to recommend the reform of the examination-free system for a reasonable prospect. This paper holds that the change of the system of recommendation exemption is the process of pursuing the self-interest of the actors, including universities, tutors and examinees, which is influenced by many factors, such as politics, economy, culture, education and so on. Up to now, the mode of recommended exemption system has changed from supply-oriented to intermediate-diffusive. In this case, in order to ensure the effectiveness and controllability of the change, the government adopts the gradual method of pilot promotion to carry out institutional changes. Although the government leading can make the system arrangement in one step, but it is not conducive to the enthusiasm of other subjects, thus leading to the arrangement of the recommended exemption system can not fully meet the actual needs; Although the intermediate diffusive institutional mode can make the institutional arrangement have some room for adjustment, it may also create space for the interest groups to "rent seeking" and various "hitchhiking" phenomena, and even lead to the transformation of the reform mechanism. On this basis, the author puts forward several ideas on the reform of the system of recommending exemption from examination: first, to gradually highlight the interests of mentors on the basis of weakening the interests of the government; secondly, to strengthen the construction of monitoring mechanism. Finally, the government withdrew from the field of institutional innovation to promote the transition from intermediate diffusion to demand inducement.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G643

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