女博士的事业—家庭偏好分析

发布时间：2018-06-30 00:58

本文选题：女博士 + 质性研究　；参考：《上海交通大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 社会上有二个广为流传的关于女博士的“传说”。其一:大专生是小龙女,本科生是黄蓉,硕士生是李莫愁,博士生是灭绝师太;其二:世界上有三种人,男人、女人和女博士。这些非正式的调侃透露出对女博士的一种敬畏和隔膜。女博士生占博士生总体的比例不高,她们入学期间正逢最佳生育年龄,加上世人女博士的“传说”与偏见,使得女博士的婚恋问题,包括如何平衡事业和家庭,不仅仅是个人问题,也是社会问题,值得关注与研究。本文主要以质的研究方法,访谈了九个女博士,通过访谈她们的成长历程、学业经历、职业选择、对婚姻和爱情的态度,主要考察了她们对于事业-家庭偏好的选择。笔者鼓励被访者根据Hakim博士的“女性工作-生活方式偏好分类表”自我归类。在九个被访者中,有八个选择了“中间型”。在这种情况下,笔者根据访谈,把选择“中间型”的被访者分为“中间偏家庭型”或者“中间偏家庭型”。在结论部分,本文抽象出两张对女博士事业-家庭偏好影响的因素表。根据研究,本文把这些因素分为外部因素以及内部因素,并把每种因素分为积极(正)和消极(负)两种属性。在外部因素中,笔者根据访谈,抽象出“父母”、“伴侣”、“榜样”这三个影响因素;而内部因素分为“研究兴趣”以及“以往成绩表现”两部分。本文研究发现,在中国大陆,到了适婚年龄的单身女性想成就事业时会面临婚恋方面的纠结与焦虑。外因和内因综合起来影响女博士的事业-家庭模式以及她们对性别差异的看法。偏事业型女博士更倾向于认为男女智商无甚差异;偏家庭型女博士更倾向于认为男性的智商比女性的高。偏事业型女性更倾向于追求自己的兴趣、渴望成就一番事业。而偏家庭型女博士更容易产生“依赖”另一半(或者潜在的另一半)的想法,更易产生有“男女有别”的意识。过分强调女性气质也是偏家庭型的表现。此外,学业上的成功并不一定要牺牲家庭。相反,家庭的支持对学业与事业上的成功非常重要。赋予女博士“第三种人”的头衔,暗示了大陆还是一个父权社会,表明了社会对于女博士,更准确地说,对于精英女性还不算宽容。基于笔者阅读过的文献,很少有用质性方法研究女博士生活的论文与著作,因此,本文可以填补这方面的空白。此外,本文深入展示了女博士的生活,有可能激励更多女性明确自己的兴趣所在,并把学术当作毕生事业。最后,本文可能会促使人们对于妇女的职业选择、对于男女平等的含义有进一步的哲思。
[Abstract]:There are two popular legends about women doctors. First, college students are small dragon girls, undergraduate students are Huang Rong, master's students are Li Mozao, and doctoral students are extermination masters; second, there are three kinds of people, men, women and women in the world. These informal jokes reveal a sense of awe and disbelief in women doctorates. The low proportion of female doctoral students in the total number of Ph.D. students attending school coincides with the best childbearing age, coupled with the "legends" and prejudices of female doctors in the world, which have led to problems of marriage and love among female PhDs, including how to balance career and family. Not only personal problems, but also social problems, worthy of attention and research. In this paper, we interview nine female PhDs with qualitative research methods. Through interviews with them about their growth, academic experience, career choice, attitude towards marriage and love, we mainly investigate their choice of career and family preference. The interviewees were encouraged to categorize themselves according to Dr Hakim's work-Life preference Table. Of the nine interviewees, eight chose the "intermediate type". In this case, according to the interview, the interviewee who chooses the middle type can be divided into the middle family type or the middle partial family type. In the conclusion part, the author abstracts two factors which influence female doctor's career-family preference. According to the research, these factors are divided into external factors and internal factors, and each factor is divided into positive (positive) and negative (negative) attributes. Among the external factors, the author abstracts three influencing factors: "parents", "partners" and "role models" according to interviews, while internal factors are divided into two parts: "interest in research" and "performance of past achievements". This paper finds that in mainland China, single women of marriageable age face difficulties and anxiety in marriage when they want to accomplish their career. The combination of external and internal causes affects women's career-family patterns and their perceptions of gender differences. Female doctors with partial career tend to think that there is no difference in IQ between men and women, while female doctors with partial family tend to think that men's IQ is higher than that of women's. Partial-career women tend to pursue their own interests, eager to achieve a career. Women who are partial to family are more likely to have the idea of "depending on" their partner (or potentially their partner), and are more likely to have a "gender difference". Too much emphasis on female temperament is also the performance of partial family type. In addition, academic success does not have to be at the expense of the family. On the contrary, family support is important for academic and career success. The title of the "third kind" of female PhDs implies that the mainland is still a patriarchal society, indicating that society is not tolerant of female PhDs or, more precisely, elite women. Based on the literature I have read, there are few papers and works on the life of female doctorates by qualitative methods. Therefore, this paper can fill in the gaps in this field. In addition, this article provides an in-depth view of the life of female PhDs, which may inspire more women to identify their interests and to view academia as a lifelong undertaking. Finally, this paper may prompt people to have further philosophies about women's career choice and the meaning of equality between men and women.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G643

【引证文献】