职业院校机械类专业实践教学体系的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2019-03-10 20:12

【摘要】：职业院校培养目标是适应社会、行业企业需求的应用型技能人才,但从当前职业教育现状来看,一方面,社会对高技能型人才存在着大量的需求,而另一方面,职业院校毕业生就业难,找不到合适的岗位。这种现象表明我国职业院校人才培养规格和质量与社会对高技能型人才需求之间还存在一定的偏差,其主要原因在于当前职业教育仍存在“重理论、轻实践”的现象,职业教育理论与实践相结合、知识与能力相结合、课堂与岗位相结合等方面仍处于较浅的层面,教学与实践仍存在很大差距,培养目标与岗位需求脱接。在工作过程导向模式方面还停留的理论研究领域,还有待进行实践探索和验证,同时还有专业建设、课程改革、实训基地建设、师资队伍建设等方面,还有待进一步研究并形成一个切实可行的较完整的实践教学体系。实践教学体系有狭义与广义之分,狭义的实践教学体系主要指相对理论教学体系的实践教学内容体系；广义的实践教学体系是由实践教学活动中的各要素构成的有机联系整体,具体包含实践教学活动的目标体系、内容体系、管理体系和条件体系等要素。通过调查发现现有的实践教学体系存在许多不足,直接导致职业教育人才培养质量无法满足岗位的需要,完善机械类专业实践教学体系,必须从校企合作、工学结合的角度出发,以人为本,动态调整实践教学目标、改革实践教学内容、完善实践教学条件、加强实践教学管理,将实践教学与生产实践紧密结合起来,才能促进职业教育教学质量的不断提高,真正发挥职业教育为经济社会服务的作用。本论文以机械类专业实践教学研究为主线,以提高机械类专业学生的专业技能、岗位适应能力、职业素养为目的,探索适合我国职业教育实情的专业实践教学体系,以期为职业教育专业教学改革提供可参考的依据。
[Abstract]:The aim of training vocational colleges is to adapt to the needs of the society and industry enterprises, but from the current situation of vocational education, on the one hand, there is a large number of social demand for high-skilled talents, on the other hand, there is a great deal of demand from the current situation of vocational education. Vocational college graduates are difficult to find employment, unable to find suitable posts. This phenomenon shows that there is still a certain deviation between the standard and quality of talent training in vocational colleges and the demand of society for highly skilled talents. The main reason is that there is still a phenomenon of "emphasizing theory rather than practice" in current vocational education. The combination of theory and practice of vocational education, the combination of knowledge and ability, and the combination of classroom and post are still on a shallow level. There is still a great gap between teaching and practice, and there is a gap between training objectives and post requirements. At the same time, there are professional construction, curriculum reform, the construction of training base, the construction of teaching staff and so on, which still remain in the field of theoretical research in the aspect of work process-oriented mode, and still need to be explored and verified in practice. We still need to further study and form a practical and complete practical teaching system. The practice teaching system has the narrow sense and the broad sense, the narrow sense practice teaching system mainly refers to the practice teaching content system relative to the theory teaching system; The generalized practical teaching system is an organic whole composed of the various elements in the practical teaching activities, including the objective system, the content system, the management system and the conditional system of the practical teaching activities. Through the investigation, it is found that there are many deficiencies in the existing practical teaching system, which directly leads to the quality of vocational education personnel training unable to meet the needs of the post. To perfect the practical teaching system of mechanical specialty, we must cooperate from the school to the enterprise. From the angle of combination of work and study, people-oriented, dynamic adjustment of practical teaching objectives, reform of practical teaching contents, improvement of practical teaching conditions, strengthening of practical teaching management, close combination of practical teaching and production practice, In order to promote the continuous improvement of the teaching quality of vocational education, we can really play the role of vocational education in serving the economy and society. The purpose of this thesis is to improve the professional skills, post adaptability and professional accomplishment of mechanical majors, and to explore a practical teaching system suitable for the reality of vocational education in China, with the main line of practical teaching research of mechanical majors and the purpose of improving the professional skills, post adaptability and professional accomplishment of the students of mechanical majors. In order to provide a reference basis for the vocational education major teaching reform.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH11-4;G712

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