5-6岁幼儿眼中的户外活动研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 23:07

本文选题：儿童视角　切入点：户外活动　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究以沈阳市某幼儿园为例,通过访谈法和作品分析法,选取80名5-6岁的大班幼儿,通过对幼儿的绘画作品以及访谈结果进行整理分析,分别从幼儿眼中的幼儿园户外活动概念、幼儿对户外活动的态度及其原因、幼儿眼中的户外活动组织、幼儿眼中的户外活动材料以及幼儿眼中理想的户外活动五部分进行呈现,得出以下结论:第一,关于幼儿园户外活动的概念,幼儿从活动的场所、活动的材料、活动的感受、活动的规则以及活动的作用五方面来进行定义。第二,关于幼儿对户外活动的态度及其原因,整体态度比较满意,而受欢迎原因主要包括以下两大方面:户外活动能够满足幼儿的物质需求、户外活动能够满足幼儿的精神需求。第三,关于幼儿园户外活动组织。关于户外活动的时间,幼儿表示特殊情况下幼儿不愿意进行户外活动;关于户外活动时间的时长问题,大部分幼儿表示时间足够,但仍愿意多玩一会;关于幼儿喜欢上午玩还是下午玩,幼儿从是否有阳光、是否拥挤、是否身心放松、是否拥有足够的同伴等方面考虑;最后,关于户外活动的玩伴,结果显示幼儿更愿意与小朋友一起活动。第四,关于幼儿园户外活动的材料,研究结果显示,幼儿喜欢的户外活动材料具有以下特征:从外部条件来看,幼儿喜欢色彩鲜艳,造型漂亮,构造丰富的活动材料;从内部条件来看,幼儿喜欢玩法多样、场地宽敞、舒适安全的活动材料;另外,幼儿喜欢活动过程中能够发挥自主性,获得成就感以及带来愉悦体验的户外活动材料。第五,幼儿眼中理想的户外活动主要包括以下几方面,丰富的活动材料、充足的自然元素以及舒适的活动过程。最后,针对研究结果进行分析讨论,包括幼儿对幼儿园户外活动的概念认知特点、户外活动受幼儿欢迎的原因分析、幼儿对户外活动的时间、玩伴的选择特点分析以及幼儿对户外活动材料的偏好分析五方面,为了更好地满足幼儿户外活动的需求,从环境、材料、玩伴、感受四方面提出教育建议。即创设满足幼儿需求的物质环境;提供满足幼儿需求的活动材料;满足幼儿户外交往的玩伴需求;关注幼儿的活动感受。
[Abstract]:This study takes a kindergarten in Shenyang as an example, through interview and work analysis, 80 children aged 5-6 years old in large class are selected and analyzed through drawing works and interview results.The concept of kindergarten outdoor activities in children's eyes, their attitude towards outdoor activities and their reasons, the organization of outdoor activities in children's eyes, the materials of outdoor activities in children's eyes and the ideal outdoor activities in children's eyes are presented respectively.The main conclusions are as follows: firstly, the concept of outdoor activities in kindergartens is defined from five aspects: the place of activities, the materials of activities, the feelings of activities, the rules of activities and the functions of activities.Second, regarding the children's attitude towards outdoor activities and their reasons, the overall attitude is satisfactory, and the popular reasons mainly include the following two aspects: outdoor activities can meet the material needs of young children.Outdoor activities can meet the mental needs of young children.Third, about kindergarten outdoor activities organization.Regarding the time of outdoor activities, children indicated that they were unwilling to engage in outdoor activities under special circumstances; on the question of the duration of outdoor activities, most of the children indicated that time was sufficient, but they were still willing to play more.As to whether children like to play in the morning or in the afternoon, the children consider whether there is sunshine, whether they are crowded, whether they are relaxed, whether they have enough companions, and finally, the playmates for outdoor activities.The results showed that children are more willing to work with children.Fourth, on the materials of kindergarten outdoor activities, the results show that the children like outdoor activities with the following characteristics: from the external conditions, children like bright colors, beautiful shape, rich construction of active materials;From the perspective of internal conditions, children like to play a variety of ways, spacious space, comfortable and safe materials; in addition, children like to play in the process of autonomy, to achieve a sense of achievement and bring joy to the experience of outdoor activities.Fifth, the ideal outdoor activities in the eyes of young children mainly include the following aspects: abundant materials, sufficient natural elements and comfortable activity process.Finally, the research results are analyzed and discussed, including the conceptual cognitive characteristics of children's outdoor activities in kindergartens, the reasons for the popularity of outdoor activities, and the time of children's outdoor activities.In order to better meet the needs of outdoor activities of children, educational suggestions were put forward from four aspects: environment, materials, playmates and feelings.That is to create a material environment to meet the needs of children; to provide materials to meet the needs of children; to meet the needs of young children in outdoor communication; to pay attention to the activities of young children.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G613.7

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