城市规模对技术创新的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 12:36

本文选题：城市规模　切入点：技术创新　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪,世界各国经济的内在结构都开始根本性转变,以创新推动经济增长成为未来关键的经济发展模式。2014年,李克强总理提出"大众创业、万众创新",全国各地积极开展创新工作,实际上,城市间发展水平千差万别,无法形成全面创新的大格局。美国学者发现排在前20位的大都市区汇聚了 37.4%人口,产生了 63%的专利。说明城市规模与创新有关。那么,我国是否也存在这样的情况?什么样的城市最利于创新的产生?目前国内大部分学者还没有从城市层面探讨创新产生的地理分布。所以,本文选择国内50个城市进行研究,明确促进创新产生的关键因素,从而估计创新产生的地方和分布趋势。站在中国城市化发展的角度来探讨如何促进我国技术创新的提升,这对于理性推动双创,开展新型城镇化工作都极具现实意义。本文参考国内和国外现有的研究成果,通过定性分析与定量分析,考察城市规模与技术创新的关系。本文首先从创新的触发机制、扩散作用和集聚效应出发,利用集聚经济理论分析了城市规模对创新能力的影响机制。然后以国内50个市为研究对象,采用面板模型进行估计,以常住人口数代表城市规模,用专利申请数代表技术创新,实证分析城市规模对创新能力的作用。最后用案例的形式分析深圳,说明两者的关系。本文主要得到以下结论:(1)常住人口数对创新存在显著正向影响,且影响程度最大,当常住人口数增加1%时,专利申请数增加2.56%。(2)人力资本与研发投入都对创新产生影响,说明创新的产生不仅在于人口数量的增加,更需要人口质量和物资财力的双重增加,才能真正发挥人口红利的优势,提高创新的产出。(3)FDI对创新存在正向影响,说明利用外资,加强技术引进,深化对外来技术的有效学习和吸收,也会提高城市创新能力水平。(4)城市规模对创新产出具有显著的积极促进作用,说明人口集聚的大城市更有利于创新的产生。因此鼓励城市发展,推进城市化,培育高端技术人才,是提高我国创新能力的一个有效途径。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the internal structure of the world's economies began to undergo fundamental changes, with innovation to promote economic growth as a key economic development model in the future. In 2014, Premier Li Keqiang put forward "Mass Entrepreneurship," In fact, there are so many different levels of development among cities that they cannot form a large pattern of overall innovation. American scholars have found that metropolitan areas in the top 20 are home to 37.4% people. 63% patents have been produced, indicating that the size of the city is related to innovation. So, is there such a situation in our country? What kind of city is most conducive to the creation of innovation? At present, most domestic scholars have not explored the geographical distribution of innovation at the urban level. Therefore, this paper chooses 50 cities in China to study the key factors to promote innovation. From the perspective of China's urbanization development, this paper discusses how to promote the upgrading of technological innovation in China, which is a rational promotion of double innovation. It is of great practical significance to carry out the new urbanization work. This paper, referring to the existing research results at home and abroad, examines the relationship between urban scale and technological innovation by qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. On the basis of diffusion and agglomeration effect, this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of urban scale on innovation ability by means of agglomeration economic theory. Then, taking 50 cities in China as the research object, the panel model is used to estimate the urban scale, and the number of resident population represents the urban scale. Using the number of patent applications to represent technological innovation, this paper empirically analyzes the effect of urban scale on innovation ability. Finally, it analyzes Shenzhen in the form of a case study. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the number of permanent residents has a significant positive impact on innovation, and the degree of influence is the greatest, when the number of permanent residents increases by 1, The increase in the number of patent applications by 2.56 / 2) both human capital and R & D investment have an impact on innovation, which shows that innovation not only depends on the increase in the number of people, but also needs a dual increase in population quality and material and financial resources, in order to truly bring into play the advantages of the demographic dividend. To improve the output of innovation, FDI has a positive impact on innovation, which shows that the utilization of foreign capital, the strengthening of technology introduction, and the deepening of effective learning and absorption of foreign technology, It will also improve the level of urban innovation capacity. (4) the scale of cities has a significant positive effect on innovation output, indicating that large cities with concentrated populations are more conducive to the generation of innovation. Therefore, urban development is encouraged and urbanization is promoted. Cultivating high-end technical talents is an effective way to improve the innovation ability of our country.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.2

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