济南市周边地区乡村聚落空间演变研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 06:36

本文选题：乡村聚落空间　切入点：演变特征　出处：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国目前处于城乡统筹的关键时期,为实现2020年全面建成小康社会的目标,国家重视乡村的发展建设。随着“城乡二元”到“城乡统筹”发展理念的转变,新型城镇化下国家对乡村的关注日益增强,而大城市周边地区乡村聚落的“社会——空间”变化特征最为剧烈,因此研究济南市周边地区乡村聚落空间的演变特征及机制,具有较强的理论价值和现实意义。研究依托《城镇化的市场化路径》课题,以“济南市周边地区乡村聚落空间”为研究对象,在城乡统筹的发展背景下,借助结构化理论的分析框架,参考“社会——空间”辩证法的认识基础,建立“特征分析——类型总结——结构要素制约——能动主体行动——演变机制”的逻辑框架,重点围绕演变特征、演变机制展开研究。济南市周边地区的乡村聚落空间演变总体表现出规模扩大、形态拓展、功能多元的物质层面特征和务工人员增多、从事行业不稳定、家庭成员城乡分离的社会层面特征。在演变过程中逐渐形成五种村庄类型:以农业生产为主、外出务工比例高且早出晚归比例大的的居住型村庄;以工业生产为主、外出务工比例高的工业型村庄;以农业生产为主、城乡分离家庭占比高的一般型村庄;以农业生产为主、外出务工比例低的特色农业型村庄和以农业生产为主、外出务工比例高且外出务工人员早出晚归比例小的衰败型村庄五类。济南市周边地区乡村聚落空间的演变受制度、文化、技术、市场、资源等结构性因素的影响。以土地制度为主的制度因素限制了农村大规模的产业发展及农民务农的积极性;开放的文化因素促使村民进城务工追逐利益,乡村观念淡薄;先进的技术因素提高了农业生产效率,释放了农村劳动力并改变了村庄种植模式;劳动力及资本等市场因素导致村民务工性质以打工为主,村庄发展受资本影响严重;自然资源因素是村庄发展演变的基础,地形及区位直接影响了技术及资本因素的发展。政府类主体、市场类主体与乡村类主体是乡村聚落空间演变中的三类行为主体。政府基于公共利益的原则引导村庄的发展方向;市场类主体以实现剩余价值的最大化为目的,在村庄建设工厂并在村内招工;村集体基于服务职能要求、农户基于家庭理性考量、个人基于利益最大化思想,在结构化因素下寻求发展。在“结构——主体”互动的视角下,济南市周边地区乡村聚落空间的演变机制可概括为4类:结构因素主导的“土地流转——劳力释放——村民外出就业”的“制度——社会——市场”三元互动机制、地方政府主导的把村庄纳入管制范围的空间管制与创新机制、村集体主导的依托自身资源发展特色产业的发展路径依赖机制和各类主体能动作用、工作居住呈现早出晚归的能动主体适应性机制。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the goal of building a well-off society in 2020, the state attaches importance to the development and construction of the countryside. With the transformation of the concept of "urban-rural dual" to "urban-rural overall planning", China is in the critical period of urban-rural coordination. Under the new urbanization, the country pays more and more attention to the rural areas, while the "social-spatial" changes of rural settlements in the surrounding areas of large cities are the most acute. Therefore, the evolution characteristics and mechanism of rural settlements space in the surrounding areas of Jinan City are studied. It has strong theoretical value and practical significance. Based on the topic of "the market-oriented path of urbanization", and taking "Rural settlement Space in the surrounding areas of Jinan City" as the research object, under the background of urban and rural development as a whole, With the help of the analytical framework of structured theory and referring to the understanding foundation of "social-spatial" dialectics, the logical framework of "characteristic analysis-type summing up-structural factor restriction-active subject action-evolution mechanism" is established. The spatial evolution of rural settlements in the surrounding areas of Jinan shows the expansion of scale, the expansion of the form, the increase of the multi-functional physical characteristics and the number of migrant workers, and the instability of the industry. In the process of evolution, five types of villages were gradually formed: the residential villages with high proportion of migrant workers and high proportion of migrant workers, and industrial production as the main types of villages, which were characterized by the social characteristics of the separation of family members from urban and rural areas, and gradually formed into five types of villages in the process of evolution. Industrial villages with a high proportion of migrant workers; general villages with a high proportion of households separated from urban and rural areas mainly in agricultural production; agricultural villages with special characteristics and agricultural production with a low proportion of migrant workers, There are five kinds of declining villages where the proportion of migrant workers is high and the proportion of migrant workers is small. The evolution of rural settlement space in the surrounding areas of Jinan is affected by the system, culture, technology, market, The influence of structural factors such as resources. The institutional factors, such as land system, restrict the large-scale industrial development in rural areas and the enthusiasm of farmers to work in agriculture, the open cultural factors urge villagers to work in cities to pursue interests, and the concept of rural areas is weak. Advanced technical factors have improved the efficiency of agricultural production, released the rural labor force and changed the mode of village planting, the market factors such as labor force and capital have led the villagers to work mainly, and the development of villages has been seriously affected by capital. The natural resource factor is the foundation of the village development and evolvement, the terrain and the location directly influence the development of the technology and capital factor. Market subject and rural subject are three kinds of behavior subjects in the evolution of rural settlement space. The government guides the development direction of the village based on the principle of public interest, and the market subject aims to realize the maximization of surplus value. The village collective is based on the requirement of service function, the peasant household is based on the rational consideration of the family, the individual is based on the thought of maximization of interests, and seeks to develop under the structural factors. The evolvement mechanism of rural settlement space in the surrounding areas of Jinan can be summarized into four types: the "system-social-market" interaction mechanism of "land circulation-labor release-villagers' employment" dominated by structural factors. The local government leads the spatial control and innovation mechanism of bringing the village into the scope of control, the village collective dominates the development path dependence mechanism and the main body dynamic function of the development characteristic industry relying on its own resources. Working and living presents the adaptive mechanism of active main body in early appearance and late return.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F327;F299.27

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