中国女性就业与生育困境的再思考——从女性主体地位出发

发布时间：2018-04-16 17:50

本文选题：女性就业 + 生育行为　；参考：《改革与战略》2017年10期

【摘要】：文章首先对女性就业与其主体地位进行了分析,发现中国女性就业呈现规模大、经济贡献突出、性别歧视严重等特征。其次,梳理了不同生育政策中女性的不同际遇,尽管我国生育政策能够适时调整,但极少从女性生育主体视角进行考量。再次,探讨了女性就业与生育行为之间的关系,发现生育行为会造成职业性别歧视、降低劳动市场参与率、减少工资收入、引起职业中断等,而女性就业在提高女性主体地位的同时会增加生育的机会成本。最后,在现有解决之策的基础上提出了新的补充,认为破解女性就业与生育困境不仅需要已有的补偿生育代价、进行就业政策服务等措施,更要重视并发挥女性的主体地位,建立家庭领域的平权意识,推进社会性别的主流化。
[Abstract]:This paper first analyzes female employment and its main position, and finds that female employment in China is characterized by large scale, outstanding economic contribution and serious gender discrimination.Secondly, combing the different circumstances of women in different fertility policies, although China's reproductive policy can be adjusted timely, but rarely from the perspective of female reproductive subject.Thirdly, the relationship between female employment and reproductive behavior is discussed. It is found that reproductive behavior will lead to occupational gender discrimination, reduce labor market participation rate, reduce wage income, cause occupational interruption, etc.Women's employment will increase the opportunity cost of birth while improving the status of women's main body.Finally, on the basis of the existing solutions, a new supplement is put forward. It is believed that to solve the plight of women's employment and fertility, we should not only pay attention to and give full play to the women's dominant position, but also pay more attention to the existing measures, such as compensating for the birth cost, providing employment policy services, and so on.To establish a sense of equal rights in the family field and to promote gender mainstreaming.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《我国生育政策调整对女性经济权益的影响研究》(项目编号:16BJL114)
【分类号】：D669.68;F249.2

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