环境规制影响就业的机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 19:22

本文选题：环境规制 + 工业企业　；参考：《产业经济评论》2017年05期

【摘要】：文章在Morgenstern et al.(2002)分析框架的基础上,采用省级层面的规制数据和中国制造业企业的合并数据,结合动态面板数据模型方法,从生产效应和需求效应两个角度研究了环境规制对企业就业的影响及其机制。研究结果发现,环境规制强度与企业就业水平或就业增长率之间呈现出U型关系,即,起初环境规制强度较弱时会使得企业的就业减少,但是环境规制强度提高到一定程度之后,就业会逐步增加。采用不同的环境规制指标和考虑环境规制的内生性,我们的结论都是成立的。进一步的研究还发现:(1)环境规制对就业的影响会随着企业污染密集程度和劳动力成本份额的上升而减弱;(2)环境规制强度由弱到强递增的过程中,起初会减少企业人力资本投资(人均培训费),但最终会增加人力资本投资,提高就业质量(高素质人才的比例:员工中大专以上学历的员工比例)。研究结果表明适度的环境规制能够实现环境保护与就业的双重红利。
[Abstract]:Based on the framework of Morgenstern et al. 2002, this paper adopts the provincial level regulation data and the combined data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises, and combines the dynamic panel data model method. This paper studies the influence of environmental regulation on the employment of enterprises and its mechanism from the perspectives of production effect and demand effect. The results show that there is a U-type relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and the employment level or employment growth rate of enterprises, that is, at first, when the intensity of environmental regulation is weak, the employment of enterprises will be reduced. But after the environmental regulation intensity increases to a certain degree, the employment will increase gradually. Using different environmental regulation indicators and considering the endogenous nature of environmental regulation, our conclusions are all valid. Further research also found that the impact of environmental regulation on employment will weaken with the increase of enterprise pollution intensity and labor cost share) in the process of increasing the intensity of environmental regulation from weak to strong. At first, it will reduce the investment of human capital (per capita training fee), but eventually it will increase the investment of human capital and improve the quality of employment (proportion of high quality talents: proportion of employees with college degree or above). The results show that moderate environmental regulation can realize the double dividend of environmental protection and employment.
【作者单位】：湖北大学商学院;中国社会科学院数量经济技术经济研究所;
【基金】：国家自科基金面上项目(71573272) 国家社科基金一般项目(12BJL040)
【分类号】：F249.2;X321

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