机构合并中职能相似性标准的适用——以地方合并组建市场局为例

发布时间：2018-05-10 22:02

本文选题：单设局 + 市场局　；参考：《浙江学刊》2017年06期

【摘要】：近年来,关于地方的食品安全监管职能究竟是由单设的食药监部门承担,还是交由综合的市场监管部门,始终争论不断。原本选择何种监管方式应遵循"合并职能相近、相似的部门"的大部制改革原则,但不论是中央还是地方的机构改革方案和说明中,对何谓"职能相似"并未作出过解释,导致监管模式的争论一定程度上转变为部门间的博弈。要使争论重新回到大部制改革的原则下进行,必须对"职能相似"做出解释。本文通过对"职能相似"标准的界定和运用,认为从监管体制的角度,综合的市场监管部门更适宜在多部门监管架构和分级管理体制下组建,单设的食药监部门更适宜在少部门监管架构和垂直管理体制下组建;从监管事项的角度,综合的市场监管部门更适宜在食品产业分散,违法种类多样但事实并不复杂的地区运行,单设的食药监部门则更适宜在食品产业集中,违法种类单一但事实复杂的地区运行。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there has been a constant debate on whether the function of local food safety supervision should be undertaken by a single food and drug supervision department or by a comprehensive market supervision department. The principle of "merging similar departments with similar functions" should be followed by the principle of "merging similar functions and similar departments", but no explanation has been given to what is meant by "functional similarity" in the plan and explanation of the institutional reform of the central or local authorities. As a result, the debate over the regulatory model has to some extent changed into a game between departments. In order to bring the debate back to the principle of big-department reform, it is necessary to explain the "functional similarity". Based on the definition and application of the standard of "functional similarity", this paper holds that, from the perspective of regulatory system, the integrated market supervision department is more suitable to be set up under the multi-sector regulatory framework and hierarchical management system. Separate food and drug supervision departments are more suitable to be set up under the regulatory framework and vertical management system of fewer departments; from the perspective of regulatory matters, integrated market supervision departments are more suitable for dispersing in the food industry. There are many kinds of violations but the facts are not complicated to operate, the only food and drug supervision department is more suitable for the concentration of food industry, the single category of illegal but the facts are complex areas to operate.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学法学院;
【分类号】：F203

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