高速铁路与民航市场竞争博弈研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 22:26

本文选题：高铁 + 民航　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国高速铁路发展迅速,为旅客出行提供了优质便捷的新型交通选择,同时也改变了既有的运输格局,对民航运营产生了巨大的冲击和影响。研究高铁与民航竞争关系、分析竞争双方定价策略、价格与市场关系,有利于正确处理两者的竞争关系,避免运输方式之间的恶性竞争,提高运输效率,为高铁与民航的发展和运营提供参考意见。本文首先回顾了国内外高铁与民航竞争的相关研究,分析运输企业竞争机理和旅客出行选择行为;其次,结合旅客主体特性、需求特性和运输方式的服务特性,从旅行时间、费用、服务频率和舒适便捷性等方面分析旅客出行效用,建立基于旅客效用的Logit客运竞争模型;第三,运用运输经济学和微观经济学理论对运输企业不同阶段的竞争博弈进行分析,综合考虑运输成本、客运收入、消费者剩余和政府盈余等因素,分别构建以企业收益和社会效益为目标函数的高铁与民航竞争博弈模型:最后,以京沪通道为例,对高铁与民航的竞争博弈进行实证分析,验证模型的有效性。研究结果表明:随着运输距离的增加,民航的竞争优势递增,客运分担率上升,高铁优势递减,客运分担率下降;当以企业收益最大化为目标达到纳什均衡时,高铁票价提升,客运收益上升,民航票价下降,客运收益上升;当以社会效益最大化为目标达到纳什均衡时,高铁票价下降,客运收益和社会效益提升,民航票价下降,客运收益下降,社会效益提升;在高铁低票价运营的情况下,民航可发展商务旅客,尽量降低休闲旅客的运输成本,减少休闲旅客的运营亏损。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of high-speed railway in China has provided a new type of transportation choice with high quality and convenience for passengers to travel. At the same time, it has also changed the existing transport pattern, which has had a huge impact and impact on the operation of civil aviation. Studying the competitive relationship between high-speed rail and civil aviation, analyzing the pricing strategy, price and market relationship between the two sides will help to correctly handle the competitive relationship between the two, avoid the vicious competition between the modes of transport, and improve the transportation efficiency. To provide reference for the development and operation of high-speed rail and civil aviation. Firstly, this paper reviews the research on competition between high-speed rail and civil aviation at home and abroad, analyzes the competition mechanism of transportation enterprises and passenger travel choice behavior, secondly, combines the characteristics of passenger main body, demand and service characteristics of transportation mode, from the travel time. The cost, service frequency and comfort convenience are analyzed to establish the Logit passenger transport competition model based on passenger utility. Third, By using the theories of transport economics and microeconomics, the paper analyzes the competitive game of transport enterprises in different stages, and considers the factors such as transportation cost, passenger revenue, consumer surplus and government surplus, etc. The competition game model of high-speed rail and civil aviation is constructed with enterprise income and social benefits as the objective function. Finally, taking the Beijing-Shanghai corridor as an example, an empirical analysis of the competition game between high-speed rail and civil aviation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the model. The results show that: with the increase of transportation distance, the competitive advantage of civil aviation increases, the share rate of passenger transport increases, the superiority of high-speed rail decreases, and the share rate of passenger transport decreases. When the goal of maximizing social benefits is to reach Nash equilibrium, the ticket price of high-speed rail will decrease, the income of passenger transport and social benefits will increase, the price of civil aviation will decrease, and the revenue of passenger transport will decrease. In the case of high-speed railway operating at low fares, civil aviation can develop business passengers, reduce the transport costs of leisure passengers, and reduce the losses of leisure passengers.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F532;F562;F224.32

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