江西省社区居民对食品安全的反应及相关知识知晓现状研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 08:09

【摘要】：目的:本文从社会公众视角,了解江西省社区居民食品安全相关知识知晓情况和居民对食品安全现状的满意度情况,探讨影响社区居民食品安全知识知晓以及满意度的影响因素,分析食品安全监管中存在问题,为提高居民食品安全意识、减少和预防各类食品安全事故、为政府部门制定食品安全相关知识宣传教育策略和加强食品安全监督管理提供理论依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取江西省12个县(区)24个街道或乡镇1216例社区居民,通过对社区居民的现场流行病学问卷调查,获得了社区居民的食品安全知识知晓及满意情况。运用描述性分析、卡方检验和二分类Logistic回归分析方法进行统计分析。结果:(1)江西省1216例社区居民对食品安全相关知识的总体知晓率为77.1%。不同人群在食品安全知识总体知晓方面存在统计学差异,其中:男性居民知晓率要高于女性居民(c2=8.392,P=0.004);未婚居民的知晓率高于其他婚姻状况的居民(c2=11.959,P=0.003);城市居民的知晓率高于农村居民(c2=10.515,P=0.001);居民的年龄越低、文化程度和月收入越高,其知晓率越高,P值均小于0.05。Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、月收入状况是影响居民食品安全知识总体知晓率的显著影响因素(P0.05)。(2)江西省1216例社区居民食品安全现状总体满意度一般及以上占比85.8%,食品安全监管工作满意度一般及以上占比69.4%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、食品从业人员与否是影响居民对目前居住地区食品安全总体情况满意与否的显著影响因素(P0.05),文化程度、食品从业人员与否、月收入状况是影响居民对辖区基层食品监管工作满意与否的影响因素(P0.05)。(3)社区居民获得食品安全知识的主要途径是电视和网络,最相信政府部门发布的食品安全信息,同时最需要安全饮食方面的知识。结论:江西省社区居民食品安全知识掌握较好,但对食品添加剂的认识存在一定的误区,仍需进行进一步的宣传教育。应制定有针对性的宣传教育策略,特别是加强对文化程度较低、月收入较少以及农村居民等重点人群的食品安全相关知识的教育,提高其食品安全知识和意识。江西省社区居民对食品安全总体满意度相对较好,但对食品安全监管工作的满意度较低。江西省当前的食品安全监管存在薄弱环节,应进一步加强食品安全监督管理,探索社会共治的监管模式,发挥社会监管的作用,构建有效信息发布平台,提高食品安全信息透明度,提高居民的食品安全满意度水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the knowledge of food safety among community residents in Jiangxi Province from the perspective of the public and the satisfaction of residents with the status quo of food safety. In order to improve the residents' awareness of food safety and to reduce and prevent all kinds of food safety accidents, the factors influencing the knowledge and satisfaction of food safety of community residents were discussed, and the existing problems in food safety supervision were analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for government departments to formulate food safety related knowledge propaganda and education strategy and to strengthen food safety supervision and management. Methods: 1216 community residents in 24 streets or towns in 12 counties (districts) of Jiangxi Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The food safety knowledge and satisfaction of community residents were obtained. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test and two-classification Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: (1) the awareness rate of 1216 community residents about food safety was 77.1%. There were significant differences in the overall knowledge of food safety among different population groups. Among them, the awareness rate of male residents was higher than that of female residents (c2n8.392P0. 004). The awareness rate of unmarried residents was higher than that of other marital status residents (c2n 11.959 P0. 003), and the awareness rate of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents (c2 + 10. 515% P0. 001). The lower the age, the higher the education level and monthly income, the higher the awareness rate. P value was lower than that of 0.05.Logistic regression analysis. Monthly income was a significant factor affecting the overall awareness rate of residents' food safety knowledge (P0.05). (2). The overall satisfaction rate of 1216 community residents in Jiangxi Province was generally higher than 85.8%. The results of 69.4%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of food safety supervision job satisfaction was generally higher than that of food safety supervision. Whether the food practitioners are satisfied with the overall situation of food safety in the living areas is a significant factor (P0.05), the education level, the food practitioners or not, Monthly income status is the influence factor of the residents' satisfaction with the grass-roots food supervision (P0.05). (3) the main way for community residents to acquire food safety knowledge is television and Internet. Most believe in food safety information published by government departments, and need knowledge of safe eating and drinking most. Conclusion: community residents in Jiangxi Province have a good knowledge of food safety, but there are some misunderstandings about food additives, so further propaganda and education are needed. It is necessary to formulate targeted propaganda and education strategies, especially to strengthen the education on food safety related knowledge of the key population, such as low education level, low monthly income and rural residents, so as to improve their knowledge and awareness of food safety. Community residents in Jiangxi Province were relatively satisfied with food safety in general, but less satisfied with food safety supervision. There are weak links in the current food safety supervision in Jiangxi Province. It is necessary to further strengthen the supervision and management of food safety, explore the mode of social co-management, give play to the role of social supervision, and build an effective information publishing platform. Improve the transparency of food safety information, improve the food safety satisfaction level of residents.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R155;F203

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