北京市建立长期护理保险制度的路径选择研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 21:28

本文关键词： 人口老龄化长期护理需求护理资源供给长期护理保险　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入二十一世纪以来，在生活质量改善和医疗水平进步等因素的共同作用下，我国老年人口的预期寿命逐渐提高，高龄老人数量随之增多，人口老龄化趋势加速发展。目前，我国老年人口的总量已经位居世界第一。但人均寿命的延长并不代表健康状况的改善，相当一部分老年人患有各类疾病或身体残疾。而社会经济的持续高速发展加剧了中青年社会成员的工作竞争压力，导致他们无暇顾及对年老父母的照料，造成相当数量的空巢老人。他们与高龄或患病的老人一样，大多处于护理照料缺失状态，在医疗和生活等方面都面临着诸多困难。改革开放以来，以北京为首的大城市经济实力显著增强，但老年人未能充分享受社会经济发展成果。虽然政府已经连续八年提高退休人员养老金水平，但目前老年人的平均收入状况还不足以承担商业化的护理保险产品。而养老机构发展的不均衡以及护理人员供给的不足等原因，导致整个社会资源在老年人护理领域供给不足。本文以改善老年人的护理现状为出发点，从养老护理机构与护理人员队伍发展、护理服务现状、老年人普遍生活状况以及是否需要护理服务等方面入手，通过统计数据的收集和问卷调查的展开，，从供给和需求两个角度探讨在北京市建立老年人长期护理保险制度的必要性和可行性，并在此基础上，学习并借鉴外国实行的社会化和商业化长期护理保险的模式和经验，结合我国具体国情，提出在北京率先构建以社会化长期护理保险为主体、商业性长期护理保险产品为补充的老年人长期护理保险的制度和体系。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, under the influence of the improvement of quality of life and the progress of medical treatment, the life expectancy of the elderly population in China has gradually increased, the number of the elderly has increased, and the aging trend of the population has accelerated. China has the largest number of elderly people in the world, but the increase in life expectancy does not represent an improvement in health. A significant proportion of older persons suffer from various diseases or physical disabilities, and the sustained and rapid socio-economic development has increased the competitive pressure on young and middle-aged members of society to take care of their elderly parents, A considerable number of empty-nesters have been created. They, like the elderly or the sick, are mostly in a state of lack of care and care, and face many difficulties in medical treatment and living. Since the beginning of reform and opening up to the outside world, The economic strength of the big cities led by Beijing has increased significantly, but the elderly have failed to fully enjoy the fruits of social and economic development. Although the government has raised the pension level of retirees for eight consecutive years, However, at present, the average income of the elderly is not enough to afford commercial nursing insurance products. However, the development of pension institutions is uneven and the supply of nursing staff is insufficient. As a result of the shortage of social resources in the field of nursing care for the elderly, this paper takes the improvement of nursing status of the elderly as the starting point, from the perspective of the development of nursing institutions and nursing staff, the present situation of nursing services. Starting with the general living conditions of the elderly and whether they need nursing services or not, through the collection of statistical data and the launching of questionnaires, This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of establishing a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in Beijing from the perspectives of supply and demand, and on this basis, studies and draws lessons from the models and experiences of socialized and commercialized long-term care insurance in foreign countries. According to the specific conditions of our country, this paper puts forward to take the lead in constructing the system and system of long-term nursing insurance for the elderly in Beijing, with socialized long-term nursing insurance as the main body and commercial long-term care insurance products as the supplement.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F842.6

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