人口老龄化下农村养老保险问题的思考

发布时间：2018-03-16 12:01

本文选题：人口老龄化　切入点：农村　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人口老龄化是当今全球人口发展的趋势,这种人口年龄的结构变迁正在广泛而深入地影响着新世纪人类社会生活的各个方面,老龄战略已经被纳入到世界许多发达国家的社会和经济发展战略之中,成为各国政府工作的主要议程之一。按照国际通行标准,60岁及60岁以上的人口占总人口数10%以上,或是65岁及65岁以上的人口占总人口数7%以上的国家或地区,即属于老年型国家或地区,根据我国人口统计资料显示：全国65岁及65岁以上人口比例已达到8.16%,早已超过老龄化社会的国际标准。养老保险是对社会中所有老年人的生活起保护作用的“安全网”,对农村老年人则更为重要。人口老龄化的问题己经引起世界各国政府的高度重视,也成为我国21世纪最突出的难题之一,给我国农村养老保险带来了严峻挑战。在经济水平相对落后的情况下,我国无可避免地进入了人口老龄化行列,然而由于我国特殊的社会制度和基本国情,如何解决好“老有所养”在我国显得尤为重要。随着我国人口老龄化的不断加剧,养老保险制度和政策的不断改革完善变得越来越为重要。本文在借鉴众多专家学者研究成果的基础上,深入对比和研究国外养老保险相关制度和政策,并在综合我国基本国情的情况下,对我国现行的养老保险制度在应对人口急剧老龄化过程中存在的问题及不足进行深入剖析,并对我国完善养老保险制度提出初步的建议和意见。无论现在还是未来,我国养老问题的重点和难点都在农村。随着我国农村老龄化形势的日趋严重,农村养老保障需求的日益提高,将农村养老保障置于农村改革的中心位置,全面审视农村养老保障制度,己成为一种迫切需要。只有在农村也建立了养老保障制度,才能真正在全国范围内建立起一套可靠的养老保障体系,通过养老保障利益再分配的机制,缓解农村社会不稳定因素的消极影响,保障整个国民经济的健康发展和市场经济的正常运行,为我国经济的可持续发展创造一个良好稳定的社会环境。因此,研究农村养老的现状,探索农村养老的努力方向,采取切实可行的有效措施搞好农村养老,以应对老龄化的挑战具有十分重大的理论意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:The aging of population is the trend of global population development, and the structural changes of population age are affecting all aspects of human social life in the new century. Ageing strategies have been integrated into the social and economic development strategies of many developed countries around the world and have become one of the main agendas of governments. In accordance with international prevailing standards, the population aged 60 years and over accounts for more than 10% of the total population, Or a country or region with a population of 65 years or over accounting for more than 7% of the total population, that is, a country or region with an elderly population. According to the demographic data of our country, the proportion of the population aged 65 and over has reached 8.16, which has already exceeded the international standard of aging society. The old-age insurance is the "safe" to protect the life of all the elderly in the society. The whole network is more important to the elderly in rural areas. The problem of population aging has attracted great attention from governments all over the world. In 21th century, it also became one of the most prominent problems in our country, which brought a severe challenge to the rural old-age insurance in our country. In the case of relatively backward economic level, our country inevitably entered the ranks of the aging population. However, due to the special social system and basic national conditions of our country, how to solve the problem of "a sense of security" is particularly important in our country. The continuous reform and perfection of endowment insurance system and policy becomes more and more important. Based on the research results of many experts and scholars, this paper makes a deep comparison and research on the related systems and policies of foreign pension insurance, and under the condition of synthesizing the basic conditions of our country, This paper makes a deep analysis of the existing problems and deficiencies of the current pension insurance system in China in the course of dealing with the rapid aging of the population, and puts forward some preliminary suggestions and opinions on how to improve the pension insurance system in China. Whether now or in the future, With the aging situation in rural areas and the increasing demand for rural old-age security, rural old-age security is placed in the central position of rural reform. A comprehensive survey of the rural old-age security system has become an urgent need. Only when the old-age security system is established in the rural areas, can a reliable pension security system be set up across the country. Through the mechanism of redistribution of benefits for the aged, to alleviate the negative impact of social instability in rural areas, and to ensure the healthy development of the entire national economy and the normal operation of the market economy, Therefore, it is necessary to study the present situation of rural old-age support, explore the direction of rural old-age support, and take practical and effective measures to improve rural old-age support. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to deal with the challenge of aging.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.89;F842.67

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