安徽省政策性农业保险有效需求的影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-06 13:51

本文选题：农业保险 + 准公共产品　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个农业大国,据统计,2014年末农村常住人口6.19亿人,土地种植总面积1.217亿公顷,农业是国民经济的基础。然而我国自然灾害的发生频率高,弱势的农户应对严重的自然灾的能力十分有限,自然灾害给农业生产经营者造成了严重的经济损失。面对自然灾害造成的巨大损失,仅靠财政救助、社会捐赠,并不能有效地补偿巨灾损失,只有通过农业保险这一手段,才能层层分散巨灾风险损失。但是由于农户的收入水平较低,并且保险公司在经营农业保险业务时往往伴随着高赔付、高风险,使得保险公司容易出现亏损情况,从而导致我国农业保险的市场规模持续减小。本文对农业保险的经济学属性进行了分析,并与我国农业保险的发展现状相结合,明确了目前阶段我国发展政策性农业保险的迫切性和必要性。同时,以安徽省政策性农业保险的发展为例,介绍了安徽省政策性农业保险的发展现状和存在的问题,从农户层面对影响政策性农业保险有效需求的影响因素进行了分析,并对安徽省政策性农业保险的实施工作提出了政策建议。政策性农业保险可以让农户有效的规避农业灾害损失,并且在很多国家都得到了大力支持和发展,是维护农业稳定生产,保护农业生产者利益的“绿箱政策”,农业保险对于推进我国农业现代化发展、提升农业产业竞争力都具有十分重大的意义。全文共分为如下五个部分：第一部分介绍了农业保险的概念,进而给出了政策性农业保险的概念,重点分析了政策性农业保险的实质和重要作用,并结合我国农业生产和农业保险的实际发展情况得出国家必须实行政策性农业保险的结论。第二部分从经济学角度对农业保险进行了分析,指出了农业保险的准公共产品属性,其“生产”和“消费”的正外部性导致农业保险的供给和需求不足,从而进一步表明我国施行政策性农业保险的必要性。通过对政策性农业保险的供求均衡进行分析,得出其能够有效的解决农业保险的供需不足问题,并分析了政策性农业保险供求均衡的情况,为我国实施政策性农业保险提供理论基础。第三部分对安徽省政策性农业保险的发展现状和存在的问题进行了分析,指出农业经济在安徽省国民经济中的重要地位,从而突出了发展政策性农业保险的重要性。然后从安徽省农业保险的发展历程出发,分析了政策性农业保险的发展现状。最后,指出了目前我省政策性农业保险存在的一些问题。第四部分从安徽省种粮农户层面对政策性农业保险有效需求的影响因素问题进行了实证分析,给出了影响农户购买农业保险的主要因素,从这些因素出发提出了几点建议,为更好的实施政策性农业保险、提高补贴资金的使用效率指明方向。第五部分政策建议。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country with a permanent population of 619 million people and a total land area of 121.7 million hectares at the end of 2014 according to statistics. Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. However, the frequency of natural disasters in China is high, and the ability of vulnerable farmers to cope with severe natural disasters is very limited. The natural disasters have caused serious economic losses to agricultural producers and operators. In the face of the huge losses caused by natural disasters, only financial assistance, social donations, can not effectively compensate for catastrophe losses, only through the means of agricultural insurance, we can spread the risk of catastrophe losses layer by layer. However, because of the low income level of farmers and the fact that insurance companies are often accompanied by high compensation payments and high risks when they are engaged in agricultural insurance business, insurance companies are prone to suffer losses. As a result, the market size of China's agricultural insurance continues to decrease. This paper analyzes the economic attributes of agricultural insurance, and combines with the development of agricultural insurance in China, and clarifies the urgency and necessity of developing policy-oriented agricultural insurance in China at the present stage. At the same time, taking the development of policy agricultural insurance in Anhui Province as an example, this paper introduces the present situation and existing problems of policy agricultural insurance in Anhui Province, and analyzes the factors affecting the effective demand of policy agricultural insurance from the level of farmers. And puts forward the policy suggestion to the Anhui Province policy agriculture insurance implementation work. Policy agricultural insurance can make farmers avoid the losses of agricultural disasters effectively, and has been strongly supported and developed in many countries. It is a "green box policy" to maintain the stable production of agriculture and protect the interests of agricultural producers. Agricultural insurance is of great significance to promote the development of agricultural modernization and enhance the competitiveness of agricultural industry. The paper is divided into five parts as follows: the first part introduces the concept of agricultural insurance, and then gives the concept of policy-oriented agricultural insurance, focusing on the analysis of the essence and important role of policy-based agricultural insurance. Combined with the actual development of agricultural production and agricultural insurance in China, the conclusion that the country must implement policy-oriented agricultural insurance is concluded. The second part analyzes agricultural insurance from the angle of economics, and points out the quasi-public product attribute of agricultural insurance. The positive externality of "production" and "consumption" leads to the shortage of supply and demand of agricultural insurance. This further indicates the necessity of policy-oriented agricultural insurance in our country. By analyzing the equilibrium of supply and demand of policy-oriented agricultural insurance, it is concluded that it can effectively solve the problem of insufficient supply and demand of agricultural insurance, and the equilibrium of supply and demand of policy-oriented agricultural insurance is analyzed. To provide the theoretical basis for the implementation of policy-oriented agricultural insurance in China. The third part analyzes the current situation and existing problems of policy agricultural insurance in Anhui Province, and points out the important position of agricultural economy in the national economy of Anhui Province, thus highlighting the importance of developing policy-oriented agricultural insurance. Then from the development process of agricultural insurance in Anhui Province, the development status of policy agricultural insurance is analyzed. Finally, the paper points out some problems existing in policy-oriented agricultural insurance in our province. The fourth part has carried on the empirical analysis to the policy agriculture insurance effective demand influence factor question from the grain farmer level in Anhui Province, has given the main factor which affects the farmer to purchase the agriculture insurance, has put forward several suggestions from these factors. For better implementation of policy-based agricultural insurance, improve the efficiency of the use of subsidy funds pointed out the direction. Part V: policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F842.66

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