基于供需意愿的我国农机保险模式研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 02:19

本文选题：需求意愿 + 供给能力　；参考：《中国农业大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：农机保险作为一种风险管理措施,是保证农业生产顺利进行,保障农业生产者财产安全和社会稳定的重要手段。目前,我国农机保险处于试点时期。试点地区取得的成绩,使得各级政府对农机保险在减少农户风险损失和保障安全生产方面发挥的重要作用日益重视。农业部和各地方政府都提出要积极发展农机保险,但现在面临的问题是,农机保险究竟应该采取什么模式?是全国推广一种模式还是根据各省实际情况采取多种模式?保险模式的缺失已成为制约农机保险发展的基本问题,采取何种模式发展农机保险也是各地政府部门关心的问题。因此,对农机保险模式的研究成为迫切需要。基于这一背景,本文在对农机保险参与主体供给与需求意愿进行分析的基础上,构建适合我国国情的农机保险模式。本文首先对国内外农机保险现状和模式进行了分析和总结。其次,建立农户农机保险需求意愿Logistic回归模型分析影响农户需求意愿的因素。运用CVM方法调查农户对农机保险的支付意愿并测算农户的平均支付意愿,通过COX比例风险模型分析农户支付意愿影响因素。第三,利用DEA方法研究保险公司的经营效率,分析了保险公司供给能力,进一步测算了农机保险供给与需求之间的差距,分析了保险公司供给不足的原因。第四,从经济学和管理学的角度分析农机保险参与主体的行为,对参与主体进行博弈分析,并研究了农机保险长期稳定发展的主体合作条件,在此基础上,提出政府在农机保险中应起的作用。第五,建立政府主导下的多元化经营主体参与的农机保险模式,并从组织体系、经营主体、补贴机制三个方面对模式进行了构建。最后,提出农机保险模式保障措施。本文的主要研究结论包括：(1)国外农机保险大多属于农业保险范畴,各国政府在农机保险发展中都发挥着积极作用,为农机保险提供法律支持、保费和经营管理费补贴。(2)我国农机保险试点地区的模式有政府主导下专业保险公司经营模式、政府扶持下商业保险公司模式和政府支持下互助保险模式,三种模式各有优缺点,从目前的发展情况来看,政府主导下专业保险公司经营模式在运行效率、运行成本和运行效果方面较好。(3)农户家庭收入、农机保险重要性、农户受教育程度、政府的保费补贴、对外作业面积是影响农户需求意愿的重要因素。农户对农机保险的支付意愿较低,影响支付意愿的因素主要是农户家庭收入、农机事故影响程度和对农机风险重要性的认知程度。(4)涉及农机保险的保险公司经营效率较低,农机保险供给与需求之间存在差距,供给不足。(5)农机保险参与主体三方合作的最优策略是：农户投保农机保险,保险公司经营农机保险,政府对农机保险进行补贴。(6)我国应采取“政府主导下的多元化经营主体参与的农机保险模式”。
[Abstract]:Agricultural machinery insurance, as a risk management measure, is an important means to ensure the smooth progress of agricultural production and ensure the safety of agricultural producers' property and social stability. At present, agricultural machinery insurance in China is in a pilot period. The achievements made in the pilot area make the governments at all levels reduce the loss of farmers' risk and guarantee the safe production side of agricultural machinery insurance. The Ministry of agriculture and the local governments have proposed to actively develop agricultural machinery insurance, but now the problem is, what model should agricultural machinery insurance take? Is it a national extension or a variety of modes according to the actual conditions of the provinces? The lack of insurance model has become a restriction on the development of agricultural machinery insurance. The basic problems of the exhibition and the mode of developing agricultural machinery insurance are also the concern of the local government departments. Therefore, the research on the agricultural machinery insurance model is an urgent need. Based on this background, this paper builds the agricultural machinery insurance model suitable for the national conditions of China on the basis of the analysis of the willingness of the participants to supply and demand the agricultural machinery insurance.
The present situation and model of agricultural machinery insurance both at home and abroad are analyzed and summarized. Secondly, the factors that affect farmers' demand will be analyzed by the Logistic regression model of farmers' agricultural machinery insurance demand intention. CVM method is used to investigate farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural machinery insurance and to calculate the average willingness of farmers to pay, through the COX proportional risk model. Analysis of the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to pay. Third, using DEA method to study the operating efficiency of insurance companies, analyze the supply capacity of insurance companies, further calculate the gap between the supply and demand of agricultural machinery insurance, and analyze the reasons for the insufficient supply of insurance companies. Fourth, analysis of the participation of agricultural machinery insurance from the perspective of economics and management. The behavior of the main body is analyzed by game, and the main cooperation conditions of the long-term stable development of agricultural machinery insurance are studied. On this basis, the role of the government in the agricultural machinery insurance is put forward. Fifth, to establish the agricultural machinery insurance model with the participation of the diversified management subject under the government led by the government, and from the organization system, the management subject and the subsidy machine. The system is constructed in three aspects. Finally, the insurance measures for agricultural insurance are put forward.
The main conclusions of this article include: (1) foreign agricultural machinery insurance mostly belongs to the category of agricultural insurance. All governments play an active role in the development of agricultural machinery insurance, provide legal support for agricultural machinery insurance, premium and management fee subsidy. (2) the model of agricultural machinery insurance pilot area in China has the government led professional insurance company under the leadership of the government. Mode, the government supports the Business insurance company model and the government supported mutual aid insurance mode. The three models have their own advantages and disadvantages. From the current development situation, the operation efficiency, operation cost and operation effect of the professional insurance company under the government led by the government are better. (3) the household income, the importance of agricultural machinery insurance, and the farmers' teaching. The degree of education, the government's premium subsidies, the external operating area is an important factor affecting farmers' demand will. Farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural machinery insurance is low. The factors that affect the willingness to pay are mainly household income, the degree of agricultural machinery accidents and the importance of the importance of agricultural machinery risk. (4) insurance companies involved in agricultural machinery insurance The operation efficiency is low, the supply and demand of agricultural machinery insurance have a gap between the supply and demand. (5) the best strategies for the three parties to cooperate with the main body of agricultural machinery insurance are: farmers insured the agricultural machinery insurance, the insurance companies operate agricultural machinery insurance, the government subsidized the agricultural machinery insurance. (6) our country should take "the farmers under the government led diversification of the main body of agriculture." Machine insurance model.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.66

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