河南省政策性农业保险发展现状及对策分析

发布时间：2018-06-26 20:12

本文选题：河南农业 + 政策性农业保险　；参考：《河南农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业是人类的生存之本，作为一个传统的农业大国，同时也是遭受自然灾害最严重的国家之一，“三农”问题是决定中国经济社会发展水平的一个重要因素，在我国的国民经济中发挥重要作用。在经济社会快速发展和科技水平不断提高的今天，尽管人类抵御自然灾害的能力不断增强，技术不断创新，手段不断增多，但由于我国国民对保护生态的意识不足、全球生态环境的持续恶化，在整个农业生产过程中受到自然灾害的发生频率和强度却呈上升趋势。农业保险具有抵御和分散农业生产风险，降低灾害损失，稳定农业生产的作用，符合WTO规则中的“绿箱”政策，是稳定农业生产的有效手段之一，现已成为许多国家农业政策体系的重要组成部分。推行政策性农业保险对实现农民增收，农业增效具有重要的现实意义，同时完善的政策性农业保险制度在确保国家粮食安全，促进国民经济协调可持续发展等方面具有非常重要的战略意义。我国农业保险一直在不断摸索中曲折前进，近年来，在国家大力支持下，开始实施政策性农业保险试点工作，农业保险险种不断增加，试点范围不断扩大，各地区对农业保险的重视程度不断提高，我国的政策性农业保险迎来了快速发展的极好机遇。大力发展政策性农业保险，是我国作为农业大国和发展中国家合理运用WTO规则、健全完善农业保护体系、规避农业生产风险、稳定农业发展的有效途径。河南省作为传统的农业大省和人口大省，其农业发展水平不仅直接影响河南省的经济发展和社会稳定，而且关系到整个国家的粮食安全和经济社会发展。河南省从1982年开始商业性的农业保险尝试，在1991还建立了农村互助统筹保险模式，在国内很多地区得到认可和推广。但是在1998年以后，河南省农业保险发展停滞，互助统筹保险也因为缺乏财政、行政支持，缺乏组织依靠等原因也随之失败。直到2007年，中央政府确定了新一批的农业保险试点地区，河南省的政策性农业保险才进入平稳较快发展的新时期。实践证明，坚持在政府主导下的商业化运营模式才是促进农业保险快速平稳发展的必由之路。所以通过分析河南省政策性农业保险发展现状，找出其发展过程中出现的问题，再借鉴国内外政策性农业保险的成功模式和成熟经验，找出具有河南省特色的农业保险发展模式，对稳定农业生产，建立完善的农村社保制度，增加农民收入，加快新农村建设，保障我国粮食安全，乃至促进全国的经济社会发展都具有重要意义。本论文共分为五部分：第一部分主要从研究背景、研究目的和意义、研究综述、研究内容和方法等方面进行阐述。第二部分主要介绍了农业保险的概念、分类和特点，政策性农业保险的概念、特点并对我国农业保险的发展历程进行概述。第三部分通过对河南省农业保险的发展历史和政策性农业保险的发展现状进行研究，找出河南省政策性农业保险在发展中出现的问题和制约因素。第四部分介绍了国外典型的政策性农业保险经营模式，，分析各个国家政策性农业保险的经营特点和成功经验，总结各个国家经营方式的共同特点，找出适合我省政策性农业保险发展模式。第五部分针对我省政策性农业保险发展中存在的缺陷和问题，通过对国内外成功经验的分析和总结，提出了相应的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of human existence. As a traditional agricultural country, it is also one of the countries which have suffered the most serious natural disasters. The "three rural" problem is an important factor to determine the level of economic and social development in China. It plays an important role in the national economy of China. The rapid development of economy and society and the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology are increasing. Today, although the ability to resist natural disasters is increasing, technology is constantly innovating, and the means are increasing. However, the frequency and intensity of natural disasters in the whole agricultural production process is on the rise due to the lack of awareness of the protection of ecology and the continuous deterioration of the global ecological environment in the whole agricultural production process. Controlling and dispersing the risk of agricultural production, reducing the loss of disaster and stabilizing the agricultural production, is in line with the "green box" policy in the WTO rules. It is one of the effective means to stabilize the agricultural production, and has now become an important part of the agricultural policy system in many countries. At the same time, a perfect policy based agricultural insurance system has a very important strategic significance in ensuring national food security and promoting the coordinated and sustainable development of the national economy. China's agricultural insurance has been trying to make a zigzag progress. In recent years, under the support of the state, the pilot agricultural insurance pilot began to be carried out. Our country's policy based agricultural insurance has welcomed the great opportunity for rapid development. The development of policy based agricultural insurance is the rational use of WTO rules and perfect agriculture as a big agricultural country and developing country. Industry protection system is an effective way to avoid agricultural production risks and stabilize agricultural development.
Henan Province, as a traditional agricultural province and large population province, its agricultural development level not only directly affects the economic development and social stability of Henan Province, but also relates to the food security and economic and social development of the whole country. From 1982, Henan province started the commercial agricultural insurance attempt, and in 1991 also established the rural mutual assistance insurance model. But in 1998, the development of agricultural insurance in Henan was stagnant, and mutual aid overall insurance also failed because of lack of finance, administrative support and lack of organizational dependence. Until 2007, the central government established a new batch of agricultural insurance pilot areas, and the policy agriculture in Henan province. Insurance has entered a new period of stable and rapid development. Practice has proved that the only way to promote the rapid and smooth development of agricultural insurance is the only way to promote the rapid and smooth development of agricultural insurance. Therefore, through the analysis of the current development status of the policy based agricultural insurance in Henan, the problems arising in the development process are found, and then the policy agriculture at home and abroad is used for reference. The successful mode and mature experience of insurance, and find out the development mode of agricultural insurance with the characteristics of Henan Province, are of great significance to stabilizing agricultural production, establishing a perfect rural social security system, increasing the income of farmers, speeding up the construction of new countryside, ensuring the food security of our country and even promoting the economic and social development of the whole country.
This paper is divided into five parts: the first part mainly from the research background, research purpose and significance, research review, research content and methods and other aspects. The second part mainly introduces the concept, classification and characteristics of agricultural insurance, the concept of policy based agricultural insurance, and summarizes the development process of agricultural insurance in China. The three part, through the study of the development history of agricultural insurance in Henan province and the current situation of the development of policy based agricultural insurance, finds out the problems and restrictive factors in the development of policy based agricultural insurance in Henan province. The fourth part introduces the typical foreign policy mode of policy based agricultural insurance, and analyzes the policy based agricultural insurance in each country. Operating characteristics and successful experience, summing up the common characteristics of various countries' operation mode, finding out the suitable development mode of policy based agricultural insurance in our province. The fifth part aims at the defects and problems existing in the development of policy based agricultural insurance in our province, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions through the analysis and summary of the successful experience at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.66

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