福建省基本蔬菜生产风险识别与保险保障研究

发布时间：2019-01-20 11:15

【摘要】：基本蔬菜是国民生活所需青菜类食物,种植特点是生产周期短,在露天或大棚里栽培。雪灾、雹灾、风灾、洪水、暴雨和虫灾等自然灾害对蔬菜种植的袭击时有发生,导致蔬菜种植户收入损失；同时,蔬菜生产也经受政府经济和政策变动的影响。蔬菜种植户自身很难应对蔬菜生产风险造成的损失,而地方政府对蔬菜生产保障问题重视程度不够高,实施的保障措施也微不足道。基本蔬菜生产风险带来的损失严重影响了蔬菜种植业的发展和居民生活所需。识别基本蔬菜生产风险及其产生原因,可以为种植户对蔬菜生产进行风险管理提供有效的方法,预防蔬菜生产风险,以保障蔬菜生产,促进蔬菜生产。而识别基本蔬菜生产风险,找出蔬菜生产遭受风险的原因,并提供有效的保险保障措施,以稳定蔬菜种植户的收入,也是政府和保险公司亟待解决的现实问题。福建省基本蔬菜生产保险刚刚有了试点,从试点工作情况看,保险业务发展很慢,存在很多问题,基本蔬菜生产保险需要深入研究,突破试点瓶颈,全面保障蔬菜生产。针对福建省基本蔬菜生产风险和保险相关问题,本文主要进行了如下几个方面的研究,以期为种植户预防蔬菜生产风险提供理论支持,为政府决策和保险公司承保蔬菜生产保险提供依据。首先,在系统梳理基本蔬菜生产风险和保险理论的基础上,分析了基本蔬菜生产保险的影响因素；重点阐述了有风险就有蔬菜生产保险这一观点。其次,分析了基本蔬菜生产存在的主要问题,识别出基本蔬菜生产存在的主要风险,并以此评估基本蔬菜生产风险等级,以帮助种植户和保险经营机构等准确掌握基本蔬菜生产的风险程度,预防和保障生产风险。基本蔬菜生产风险主要有自然界灾害因素和蔬菜生产过程田间管理因素。再次,通过分析基本蔬菜生产保险费率测算的影响因素,对基本蔬菜生产风险导致各个年度损失以及损失率的测算进行研究,厘定了基本蔬菜生产保险费率,设计出相应的保险产品,包括保险金额的确定、保险责任范围的界定以及赔偿条款设计,以完善基本蔬菜生产保险经营机制,控制保险成本支出。最后,在以上分析的基础上,结合福建省基本蔬菜生产保险现状和存在的问题,给出基本蔬菜生产保险发展的策略和建议,以保险手段来保障基本蔬菜的生产。
[Abstract]:The basic vegetable is a kind of vegetable food which is needed in the national life. It is cultivated in the open air or in the shed because of the short production cycle. Natural disasters, such as snow, hail, wind, flood, torrential rain and insect pests, often hit vegetable growers, resulting in a loss of income for vegetable growers. At the same time, vegetable production was also affected by changes in the government's economy and policies. It is difficult for vegetable growers to cope with the losses caused by the risk of vegetable production, but the local governments do not attach enough importance to the problem of vegetable production security, and the measures implemented are insignificant. The loss caused by the risk of basic vegetable production has seriously affected the development of vegetable planting and the needs of residents. Identifying the risk of basic vegetable production and its causes can provide an effective method for growers to manage the risk of vegetable production, prevent the risk of vegetable production, ensure vegetable production and promote vegetable production. To identify the basic vegetable production risk, find out the causes of the vegetable production risk, and provide effective insurance measures to stabilize the income of vegetable growers, is also a real problem to be solved by the government and insurance companies. Fujian Province basic vegetable production insurance has just had a pilot, from the pilot work situation, insurance business development is very slow, there are many problems, basic vegetable production insurance needs in-depth research, breakthrough pilot bottleneck, comprehensive protection of vegetable production. In view of the basic vegetable production risks and insurance related problems in Fujian Province, this paper mainly carried out the following aspects of research, in order to provide theoretical support for growers to prevent vegetable production risks. For government policy-making and insurance companies underwriting vegetable production insurance to provide the basis. First of all, on the basis of systematically combing the basic vegetable production risk and insurance theory, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the basic vegetable production insurance, and focuses on the viewpoint that there is risk and there is vegetable production insurance. Secondly, the main problems in the production of basic vegetables are analyzed, the main risks in the production of basic vegetables are identified, and the risk levels of the production of basic vegetables are evaluated. In order to help growers and insurance agencies to accurately grasp the risk of basic vegetable production, prevent and protect production risks. The main risk factors of vegetable production are natural disaster factors and field management factors in vegetable production process. Thirdly, by analyzing the influencing factors of the basic vegetable production insurance rate calculation, this paper studies the loss and loss rate of the basic vegetable production risk in each year, and determines the basic vegetable production insurance rate. The corresponding insurance products are designed, including the determination of the insurance amount, the definition of the scope of insurance liability and the design of the indemnity clause, in order to perfect the basic vegetable production insurance management mechanism and control the insurance cost and expenditure. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, combined with the present situation and existing problems of the basic vegetable production insurance in Fujian Province, the development strategy and suggestion of the basic vegetable production insurance are put forward, and the basic vegetable production is guaranteed by means of insurance.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F326.13;F842.66

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