农村房屋抵押制度的构建

发布时间：2018-03-04 17:16

本文选题：农村房屋所有权　切入点：抵押权　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会主义市场经济的发展带动了城市房地产的快速升值,社会主义新农村的不断建设、城镇化进程不断向前发展,使得城乡二元结构慢慢解体,农村人口大量涌入城市,农村和城市的界限渐渐模糊,农村土地上建设房屋流转问题层出不穷。首先,农村进城打工,有的甚至在城市买房居住,农村的房屋随之闲置不用,长时间的闲置造成资源的浪费;其次,随着经济的发展,以房抵押获取银行贷款成为融资的新途径,然而由于农村房屋的特殊性使得农村无法抵押其拥有所有权的房屋,使得农民与城市居民对于同一时间遭受不同待遇,造成一种事实上的不公平。因此,农村房屋在流转过程中各种问题如雨后春笋般纷纷涌现。我国关于农村房屋的法律规定少而又乱,尽管近些年出台了很多政策性文件及行政法规和政府规章,并在各地如火如荼进行试点,农村房屋流转困境有所改善,但整体而言系统性差,实效性低。对比城市完善的房屋抵押制度,农村房屋抵押制度体系建设任重道远。为了更好地适应经济的发展及农村改革的深入进行,构建农村房屋抵押制度势在必行。我国统一规范的农村房屋抵押制度体系应怎样建设呢?本文以此为大方向,首先,对农村房屋抵押进行概述:农村房屋产权制度的历史沿革、农村房屋抵押的改革趋势以及构建农村房屋抵押制度的优越性。然后,分析农村房屋抵押关系的主体:抵押人与抵押权人,抵押人的基本条件、能否以自己房屋为他人设立抵押等,金融机构作为抵押权人无可厚非,但是自然人、法人及其他组织能否成为抵押权人?其次,讨论农村房屋抵押权的设立的具体操作流程:抵押物的范围界定及价值评估;抵押设立的条件,集体经济组织的同意、抵押目的的限制;抵押权的登记包含登记依据及程序、登记机构的确定及建立统一的交易平台。再次,阐述农村房屋抵押权的实现,其中包括权利实现的方式、受让人的资格、宅基地使用权的处置,从而从根本上解决我国农村房屋抵押不能的困境。最后,建立风险补偿及保险机制,完善农村的社会保障体系,从而与改革趋势相适应,推动经济发展。
[Abstract]:The development of socialist market economy has led to the rapid appreciation of urban real estate, the continuous construction of new socialist countryside, the continuous development of urbanization, the gradual disintegration of the urban-rural dual structure, and the mass influx of rural population into the city. The boundary between the countryside and the city is gradually blurred, and the problems of the circulation of building houses on the rural land emerge endlessly. First, the rural areas go to cities to work, some even buy houses in the cities, and then the houses in the countryside are left idle. Secondly, with the development of the economy, obtaining bank loans by housing mortgage becomes a new way of financing. However, because of the particularity of rural housing, it is impossible to mortgage the houses with ownership in rural areas. The fact that farmers and urban residents are treated differently at the same time creates a de facto injustice. Various problems have sprung up in the course of rural housing circulation. The laws and regulations on rural housing in our country are few and messy, although in recent years many policy documents, administrative regulations and government regulations have been issued. And carried out pilot projects in full swing, rural housing circulation difficulties have improved, but overall systemic poor, low effectiveness. Compared with the city's perfect housing mortgage system, The construction of rural housing mortgage system has a long way to go. In order to better adapt to the development of economy and the deepening of rural reform, It is imperative to build a rural housing mortgage system. How to build a unified and standardized rural housing mortgage system in China? This article regards this as the general direction, first, carries on the outline to the countryside housing mortgage: the rural housing property right system historical evolution, the countryside housing mortgage reform tendency and the superiority which constructs the countryside housing mortgage system. Analyzing the main body of the relationship between mortgagee and mortgagee in rural areas: the basic conditions of mortgagor and mortgagor, whether the mortgage can be set up for others by one's own house, etc., the financial institution as mortgagee is not to blame, but the natural person, however, is a natural person. Can legal persons and other organizations become mortgagees? Secondly, it discusses the concrete operation flow of the establishment of the mortgage right of rural housing: the definition of the scope of the mortgage and the evaluation of the value, the conditions of the establishment of the mortgage, the consent of the collective economic organization, the limitation of the purpose of the mortgage; The registration of mortgage includes the registration basis and procedure, the determination of registration institution and the establishment of a unified trading platform. Thirdly, the realization of mortgage right in rural housing, including the way to realize the right, the qualification of the transferee, is expounded. Finally, the risk compensation and insurance mechanism should be established to perfect the rural social security system, so as to adapt to the reform trend and promote economic development.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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