山东省第三产业发展的就业效应研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 22:37

本文选题：第三产业　切入点：直接就业效应　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从发达国家产业结构演进的经验来看,随着经济发展水平的提高,劳动力会首先由第一次产业向第二次产业移动；当人均国民收入水平进一步提高时,劳动力便向第三次产业移动。目前发达国家第三产业就业人数已占到其总就业人数的比重在70%以上,第三产业对就业具有很强的吸纳能力。山东省是改革开放以来经济发展速度较快的省份之一,2011年山东省实现地区生产总值45361.85亿元,在全国仅次于广东省和江苏省。然而,与其经济发展水平不相称的是,山东省第三产业的发展水平并不高,2011年山东省第三产业的增加值占GDP的比重仅为38.3%,而第三产业就业人口占总就业人口比重为32.2%,均低于全国水平。与此同时,山东省在就业方面也面临着巨大的挑战。因此,如何发展第三产业并带动就业是山东省当前面临的一项重要问题。第三产业发展的就业效应可以分为直接就业效应和综合就业效应,本文运用就业比重、就业弹性和结构偏离度等多个指标对山东省第三产业的直接就业效应进行了分析,又用投入产出分析法对山东省第三产业的综合就业效应进行了研究。得出的主要结论为：首先,虽然山东省第三产业的就业吸纳能力较强,但其发展水平较落后,因而对就业增长的贡献不如第二产业；其次,山东第三产业带动国民经济各部门发展的能力并不强,因而其综合就业效应不高；第三.在山东省第三产业内部各行业中,就业吸纳能力强的新兴第三产业发展不足,综合就业效应好的生产性服务业发展滞后；另外,本文还发现建筑行业具有较好的直接和间接就业效应。在此基础上,本文提出了相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:From the experience of industrial structure evolution in developed countries, with the improvement of the level of economic development, the labor force will first move from the first industry to the second industry; when the per capita national income level further increases, The labor force then moved to the third industry. At present, the proportion of tertiary industry employment in developed countries has reached more than 70 percent of their total employment. The tertiary industry has a strong absorptive capacity for employment. Shandong Province is one of the provinces with relatively fast economic development since the reform and opening up. In 2011, Shandong Province achieved a regional gross domestic product of 4.536185 trillion yuan, second only to Guangdong Province and Jiangsu Province in the whole country. However, Disproportionate to their level of economic development, The development level of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is not high. In 2011, the added value of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province accounted for only 38.3 percent of GDP, while the proportion of the third industry employed population in the total employed population was 32.2percent, which was lower than the national level. Therefore, how to develop the tertiary industry and promote employment is an important problem facing Shandong Province. The employment effect of the development of the tertiary industry can be divided into direct employment effect and comprehensive employment effect. This paper analyzes the direct employment effect of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province by using employment proportion, employment elasticity and structural deviation. The comprehensive employment effect of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is also studied by the input-output analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows: first, although the employment absorption capacity of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is strong, the development level of the tertiary industry in Shandong Province is relatively backward. Therefore, the contribution to employment growth is not as good as that of the secondary industry; secondly, the ability of Shandong tertiary industry to promote the development of various sectors of the national economy is not strong, so its comprehensive employment effect is not high; third, in the various industries within the tertiary industry of Shandong Province, The new tertiary industry with strong employment absorption ability is underdeveloped, and the producer service industry with good comprehensive employment effect lags behind. In addition, this paper also finds that the construction industry has better direct and indirect employment effects. This paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F249.21;F719

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