论旅游住宿共享中的非正规就业：影响因素与行为倾向

发布时间：2018-03-26 18:20

本文选题：旅游住宿共享　切入点：非正规就业　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2015年以来,中国经济下行压力逐渐增大,大量富余劳动力逐渐向社会释放,加上越来越多的大学毕业生,就业压力巨大,仅依靠城市正规部门提供就业岗位来解决就业问题的效果是有限的。旅游非正规就业进入门槛低,规模大,有利于缓解我国的就业压力,弥补正规就业的不足。互联网和旅游共享经济的双重变革,带来了旅游就业格局的改变,包括非正规就业群体规模的扩大、群体特征的变化、就业方式、就业动机的变化等。本文围绕旅游住宿共享中的非正规就业情况展开研究,以期为新就业青年提供一种适应“互联网+旅游”的职业发展选择参考。文章共分为七部分:第一部分是引言,详细说明了研究的背景、目的及意义;第二部分是文献综述,系统梳理了旅游非正规就业、共享经济与就业等的研究进展并提出问题;第三部分具体分析了旅游业中的住宿共享及其就业,包括旅游住宿共享的内涵和特征;旅游住宿共享模式下的就业特征与变化;第四部分是对基于住宿共享的旅游非正规就业者的实证研究,介绍了调研设计和数据获取的方法与过程,并进行数据分析与结果解读;第五部分分析了就业者未来的行为倾向,以及人口统计学特征、从业动机对未来行为倾向的影响。第六部分针对调研结果详细分析了旅游住宿共享及其非正规就业所存在的问题,并提出相应的解决建议;第七部分是结论与展望。文章采用半结构式访谈的定性研究和问卷调查的定量研究相结合的方法,得出以下结论:第一,在互联网及共享经济影响下,高学历的年轻旅游非正规就业群体逐渐增多,以80、90后为就业主体,职业背景复杂。第二,总结了影响旅游非正规就业者选择住宿共享的5大动机,包括经济收入因素(减轻房贷负担、分摊房租和作为补充收入)、家庭因素(陪伴家人和协助养老)、创业起点、追求自由和社会交往。第三,基于住宿共享的非正规就业为从业者提供了多元化的职业发展通道,大部分从业者对未来的发展方向有着清晰的规划,性别、创业起点、家庭因素和追求自由三个动机因子对他们的未来发展选择有显著影响。最后,就非正规就业者从业经营中存在的问题进行了探讨建议。
[Abstract]:Since 2015, the downward pressure on China's economy has gradually increased, a large amount of surplus labor has been gradually released to the society, and more and more university graduates have been under tremendous pressure of employment. The effect of only relying on the urban formal sector to provide jobs to solve the employment problem is limited. The low entry threshold and large scale of non-formal employment in tourism are conducive to alleviating the employment pressure in our country. The dual changes in the Internet and tourism sharing economy have brought about changes in the pattern of tourism employment, including the expansion of informal employment groups, changes in group characteristics, and employment patterns. This paper focuses on the informal employment situation in tourism accommodation sharing. The article is divided into seven parts: the first part is the introduction, which explains the background, purpose and significance of the research in detail, the second part is the literature review. It systematically combs the research progress of tourism informal employment, sharing economy and employment, and puts forward problems. The third part concretely analyzes the accommodation sharing and employment in tourism, including the connotation and characteristics of tourism accommodation sharing; The fourth part is the empirical research on the non-regular employment of tourism based on the sharing of accommodation, introduces the methods and processes of research design and data acquisition, and carries out data analysis and interpretation of the results. The fifth part analyzes the future behavior tendency of the employed, as well as the demographic characteristics. The sixth part analyzes the problems of tourism accommodation sharing and informal employment in detail, and puts forward corresponding solutions. The seventh part is the conclusion and prospect. The paper combines the qualitative research of semi-structured interview with the quantitative research of questionnaire, and draws the following conclusions: first, under the influence of the Internet and the sharing economy, The number of young tourism informal employment groups with higher education has gradually increased, with 80,90 postnatal as the main employment subject, and the occupation background is complex. Secondly, the paper summarizes the five major motivations that affect the choice of accommodation sharing among the non-formal employees in the tourism industry. These include income factors (reducing the burden of housing loans, sharing rents and serving as a supplement to income), family factors (companionship and assistance for the elderly, starting point of entrepreneurship, pursuit of freedom and social interaction). Informal employment based on shared accommodation provides diversified career development channels for practitioners. Most practitioners have a clear plan for the future development direction, gender, starting point of entrepreneurship. The family factors and the three motivation factors of pursuing freedom have significant influence on their future development choice. Finally, the problems existing in the practice and management of informal employees are discussed and suggestions are made.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.2;F719.2

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