旅游语境下阳朔客栈主身份认同研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 07:37

本文选题：客栈主 + 身份认同　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：身份认同作为社会学的重要概念,是目前旅游研究中的热点之一。旅游发展过程中,不同利益主体在“自我”与“他者”的转换与互动中,动态地建构与表征着身份的认同,并能动地影响着旅游目的地系统的发展。作为诸如丽江、大理、阳朔等旅游城市独具特色的接待设施与城市符号,客栈业的蓬勃发展使客栈主从实践后场走上被研究前台,其作为经济利益的追逐者以及地方(place)组成的一部分,在“自我”与“他者”的视角中不断建构自己的身份。那么客栈主的身份认同是如何建构起来的?身份认同有哪些维度?身份认同的具体表征机制是什么?客栈主身份认同的影响因素有哪些?客栈主在身份认同建构和重构的过程中对目的地利益群体格局及目的地发展会产生什么影响?这些都是目前苛待研究的问题。基于此,论文以阳朔客栈主为例,在前人相关理论的基础上,经由三次共计52天的实地调研,通过社会文化地理学视角和旅游管理学科视角,运用文献分析法、参与式观察法、深度访谈法、内容分析法、问卷调查法和统计分析法,探讨了旅游发展语境下在“自我”视域和“他者”视域共同作用下的客栈主身份认同的动态建构过程,基于身份认知、归属情感、身份评价和行为意向四个维度下共时态角度下的表征机制,从客栈主的社会人口统计学属性和其他属性两个方面的身份认同的影响因素以及基于客栈主自身、客栈行业和旅游目的地三个方面的身份认同的反馈机制,以期在理论上丰富身份认同理论机制,深化身份认同的本质内涵、形成机制以及作用机制；在实践上为阳朔客栈业健康可持续发展提出建设性意见的同时对目的地的有序发展有所裨益。本研究的创新点在于探索性的构建了身份认同的四个维度：身份认知、归属情感、身份评价和行为意向,并且开发设计身份认同量表；引入身份认同理论探索以客栈主为代表的旅游移民群体的身份认知。通过本文的研究得出如下结论：1.客栈主身份认同的建构是“自我”与“他者”视域下的动态建构“自我”视域主要体现为对现代性的逃离,客栈主对“自我”身份的寻求就是一种对生活格调和生活方式的寻求；“他者”视域主要体现在不同相关利益群体间的互动比较上,在旅游语境下,客栈主的互动群体主要有游客、当地居民、其他外来经营者、房东以及政府。在“自我”和“他者”的共同作用下客栈主的“客栈主”身份认同建构经历了开客栈前的身份期望,到客栈正式营业后的身份认同正式形成,再到客栈经营稳定之后的身份的反思、加固/身份认同失败重构的过程。2.共时态下客栈主的身份认同表征为身份认知、归属情感、身份评价和行为意向四个维度结合质性文本和问卷探索性因子分析,身份认知主要包括自由职业者、半自由职业者和客栈主；客栈主的归属情感存在积极和消极两种状态,积极的情感体现为喜欢(喜欢客栈行业、喜欢与其他客栈主交流)、自豪感、实现人生价值方面,消极的情感集中体现为新鲜感过后的一种厌倦感；客栈主对自我身份的评价体现为开客栈过程中的收获以及对客栈行业的评价,其中开客栈过程中的收获涉及到增长知识、交朋友、过程艰辛、经济利润有限四个方面,对客栈行业的评价体现为客栈业在阳朔旅游发展中的贡献,包括提供住宿,拉动消费、维护阳朔旅游形象等方面；行为意向主要有为了客栈主是否愿意将其身份延续下去,是否对客栈的未来发展有详尽的规划等方面。3.客栈主的平均月收入、家庭结构以及在阳朔的停留情况是客栈主身份认同的主要影响因素.通过运用SPSS中的单因子方差分析,取P值小于0.05表示影响显著,研究显示客栈主的平均月收入、家庭结构以及在阳朔的停留情况是客栈主身份认同的主要影响因素(包括举家搬迁、离开一段时间后返回阳朔、短暂停留和其他四个选项)；客栈主的文化程度、开客栈前的职业、在阳朔的时间、与当地居民／其他客栈主的交流情况、在阳朔的家庭成员、开客栈前的期望(包括自由、悠闲、随意、喜欢、其他五个题项)以及开客栈的原因(包括朋友介绍、厌倦了以前的工作、机缘巧合、喜欢阳朔以及其他五个题项)是次要影响因素；年龄是第三影响因素；性别对客栈主身份认同的影响不大。除此之外,访谈资料进一步显示,客栈主的性格、对客栈市场规律的认知和把握以及社会交往等均是形塑客栈主身份认同的主要因素。4.客栈主身份认同对阳朔旅游业的影响主要表现在对客栈主自身、客栈行业以及旅游目的地三个方面的影响对客栈主自身而言,身份认同的影响主要表现为客栈主对“家”的营造和对“无家”的逃避；对客栈行业而言,身份认同对客栈行业的影响要体现在客栈主通过对其客栈的风格、产品定位以及规划发展从而影响整个客栈行业的产品结构调整以及服务质量的提升方面；对旅游目的地而言,客栈主身份认同的影响从宏观视角看,主要体现在客栈在阳朔目的地旅游发展方面所扮演的角色和发挥的作用上,从微观视角看,主要表现为客栈主对于目的地利益格局中的“人”(包括游客和目的地居民)和“物”(包括景观变化和标志变化)的影响。
[Abstract]:Identity, as an important concept of sociology, is one of the hotspots in the present study of tourism. In the process of tourism development, different stakeholders dynamically construct and represent identity identity in the transformation and interaction of "self" and "other", and affect the development of tourism destination system. As such as Lijiang, Dali, Yang The unique reception facilities and city symbols in the city of Shuo, the flourishing development of the inn makes the Inns move from the back of practice to the front desk. As a chaser of economic interests and part of the local (place), the Inns continue to construct their identity in the perspective of "self" and "other". Then the identity of the owner of the inn is the owner. What are the dimensions of identity? What are the dimensions of identity identification? What are the specific characterization mechanisms of identity? What are the factors that affect the identity of the main identity of the Inns? What influence does the inn owner have on the development of the target land benefit group pattern and destination in the process of identity construction and reconstruction? Based on this, the paper takes the Yangshuo inn owner as an example, and on the basis of the previous related theories, through three times of 52 days of field research, through the perspective of social and cultural geography and the perspective of tourism management discipline, using the method of literature analysis, participatory observation, depth interview, content analysis, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis. Under the context of "self" and "other", the dynamic construction process of the main identity of the hostel under the context of "self" and "other" in the context of tourism development is based on the four dimensions of identity cognition, attribution emotion, identity evaluation and behavioral intention, from the social demographic and other attributes of the owner of the inns, two The influencing factors of identity identity and the feedback mechanism of identity based on three aspects of the hostel owner, the inn industry and the tourist destination, in order to enrich the theoretical mechanism of identity identification, deepen the essential connotation of identity, form the mechanism and the mechanism of action; in practice, it is healthy and sustainable for the Yangshuo Inn industry. The development of this research is beneficial to the orderly development of the destination. The innovation of this study lies in the exploratory construction of four dimensions of identity: identity cognition, attribution emotion, identity evaluation and behavioral intention, and the development and design of identity scale, and the introduction of identity theory to the representative of the owner of the inn. The following conclusions are drawn through this study: 1. the construction of the identity of the main identity of the inn is that the dynamic construction of "self" in the perspective of "self" and "the other" is mainly embodied in the escape of modernity, and the pursuit of the identity of "self" by the Inn owner is a kind of life style and living side. In the context of tourism, the interactive group of the owner of the inn mainly includes tourists, the local residents, the other foreign operators, the landlord and the government. Under the co action of "self" and "the other", the "inn owner" identity of the owner of the inn is built. The structure experienced the identity expectation before the opening of the inn, the identity after the official business of the inn, and the identity after the stable operation of the inn, and the process of strengthening / identity failure reconstructing, the identity identity of the owner of the Inns is the four dimensions of the identity, the emotion, the identity evaluation and the behavior intention. The analysis of qualitative text and questionnaire exploration factor, identity cognition mainly includes freelance, semi freelance and inn owner, and the attribution emotion of the owner of the inn has two kinds of positive and negative states, and the positive emotion manifests as like (like the inn industry, likes to communicate with other guest owners), the sense of pride, the realization of the value of life, the realization of the value of life, and the elimination of the value of life. The extreme emotional concentration is manifested as a sense of boredom after the freshness; the appraisal of the owner's identity is reflected in the harvest of the open Inn and the evaluation of the inn industry. The harvest in the process of opening the inn involves four aspects of increasing knowledge, making friends, difficult process, and limited economic profit, and the evaluation body of the inn industry. This is the contribution of the inn industry in Yangshuo's tourism development, including providing accommodation, stimulating consumption, and maintaining the tourism image of Yangshuo. The main behavior intention is the average monthly income of the.3. inn owner, family structure, and the family structure as well as whether the inn owner is willing to continue its identity and whether the future development of the inn has a detailed plan. The stay in Yangshuo is the main factor affecting the identity of the hostel main identity. By using the single factor variance analysis in SPSS, the P value is less than 0.05. The study shows that the average monthly income of the owner of the inn, the family structure and the stay in Yangshuo are the main factors affecting the identity of the hostel main identity (including the relocation of the family, and the departure of the family. " Back to Yangshuo after a period of time, a short stay and four other options); an inn owner's educational level, a career in front of an inn, time in Yangshuo, communication with local residents / other inns, members of the family in Yangshuo, and expectations before opening the Inn (including from from, leisurely, casual, like, five other items) and to open the inn. The reasons (including the introduction of friends, tired of the previous work, chance coincidence, Yangshuo and other five items) are secondary factors; age is the third influence factor; gender has little influence on the main identity of the inn. Besides, the interview material is further shown, the character of the inn owner, the cognition of the rules of the inn market and the rules of the inn market. The influence of.4. Inn main identity on Yangshuo tourism is mainly manifested in the influence on the three aspects of the inn owner, the inn industry and the tourist destination, and the influence of the identity is mainly manifested by the Inns owner to the "home". For the inn industry, the impact of identity on the tavern industry is reflected in the style of the inn owner through the style of its Inn, the positioning of the product and the development of the planning and development, which will affect the adjustment of the product structure and the improvement of the quality of the service. For the tourist destination, the inns are the main body. From a macro perspective, the impact of share identity is mainly reflected in the role and role of the inn in the tourism development of Yangshuo destination. From a micro perspective, the main expression is the "people" (including tourists and destinations) and "objects" (including landscape change and symbol change) in the interest pattern of the destination. Influence.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F592.7;F719.2

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