上海大都市区知识密集型产业的空间分布及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-05-26 05:42

本文选题：知识密集型产业 + 咨询行业　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纵观全球城市的发展历程,必然与产业升级之路密切相关,知识经济已成为西方发达国家的一些都市区的重要特征,城市内,不论在制造业还是服务业方面都在向知识密集型产业部门转移;高学历人才的培养、知识技术的不断创新是这些地区发展知识密集型产业的基础,同时这些地区也占据着产业链的顶端,并因此创造了大量的财富,影响着全球产业的发展状况和方向。知识密集型产业的高附加值优势往往比较明显,可以很大程度上带动区域经济发展,因此积极向这类产业转移逐渐成为发展中国家的产业结构升级的目标;上世纪90年代以来,我国大都市区如北京、上海等开始了以三产为主的时代,同时在制造业方面也不断向高技术含量的产业发展,21世纪后,持续的产业升级以及行业分工使我国大城市开始转向知识密集型产业,上海不仅作为我国的经济中心,同时也是全国重要的知识密集型产业基地,拥有良好产业基础的同时,又有着数量众多的高校和科研机构,这都为上海都市区知识密集型产业的发展提供了良好的前提条件。但目前国内关于知识密集型产业在大都市尺度分布的研究稍有不足,而且随着城市经济发展的推动,如何使知识密集型制造业和知识密集型服务业在大都市内协同发展也渐渐成为学者们关注的新热点。基于此,本文参照城市地理学及新经济地理学的理论和方法,在知识密集型制造业和服务业中各选一案例——医药制造业和咨询行业为研究对象,首先利用第二次和第三次经济普查数据,通过Arcgis软件,分析2008年、2012年时两个行业的企业在上海大都市区的空间分布规律,并分析08-12年间新增企业的空间分布情况,探究两个行业的空间分布演化规律;进一步利用计量方法探讨两个行业空间分布影响因子的变动情况;最后分别从从产业和空间两个视角来探究上海都市区知识密集型制造业和服务业的协同发展状况。通过文章的分析,发现上海医药制造业在都市外围部分地区集中布局,而咨询行业整体上呈现向心型分布,在外围地区也有小规模集中布局的现象,但两个行业均有进一步郊区化的趋势,这也导致两个行业的集聚程度均出现了下降,但这没有从本质上改变咨询行业在市区内的集聚程度要远高于医药行业的情况。在空间分布的影响因素中,良好的政策环境对两个行业均有促进作用,医药企业特别重视人才科研资源,而咨询企业则重视城市化集聚因素并能够承受较高地租。通过对知识密集型制造业和知识密集型服务业的案例分析的,可以发现这两者不论是在产业分工协作方面、还是空间分布及其影响因素方面,都在上海大都市区内部呈现出了较为良好的协同发展状况。
[Abstract]:Throughout the development of global cities, it is bound to be closely related to the road of industrial upgrading. Knowledge economy has become an important feature of some metropolitan areas in western developed countries. Both manufacturing and service industries are shifting to knowledge-intensive industries; the training of highly educated personnel and the continuous innovation of knowledge and technology are the basis for developing knowledge-intensive industries in these areas. At the same time, these regions also occupy the top of the industrial chain, and thus create a lot of wealth, affecting the development of global industry and direction. The high value-added advantages of knowledge-intensive industries are often more obvious, which can promote regional economic development to a large extent. Therefore, actively transferring to these industries has gradually become the target of upgrading industrial structure in developing countries; since the 1990s, China's metropolitan areas, such as Beijing and Shanghai, have begun an era of three industries, and at the same time, in the manufacturing sector, they have been continuously developing into high-tech industries after the 21st century. The continuous industrial upgrading and industrial division of labor has led to the shift of large cities to knowledge-intensive industries. Shanghai is not only the economic center of our country, but also an important knowledge-intensive industrial base in the country, and has a good industrial base at the same time. There are also a large number of universities and scientific research institutions, which provide a good prerequisite for the development of knowledge-intensive industries in Shanghai metropolitan area. However, the current domestic research on the distribution of knowledge-intensive industries on a metropolitan scale is slightly inadequate, and with the development of urban economy, How to make the knowledge-intensive manufacturing industry and knowledge-intensive service industry co-develop in the metropolis has gradually become a new hot spot that scholars pay attention to. Based on this, according to the theories and methods of urban geography and new economic geography, this paper chooses one case in the knowledge-intensive manufacturing industry and one case in the service industry-pharmaceutical manufacturing and consulting industry as the research object. First, using the data of the second and third economic census, through Arcgis software, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of enterprises in Shanghai metropolitan area in 2008 and 2012, and analyzes the spatial distribution of newly added enterprises in 2008 and 12. Explore the evolution law of spatial distribution of the two industries, further use the measurement method to explore the change of the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of the two industries; Finally, from the perspective of industry and space, this paper probes into the coordinated development of knowledge intensive manufacturing and service industry in Shanghai metropolitan area. Through the analysis of the article, it is found that the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Shanghai is concentrated in some parts of the city periphery, while the consulting industry as a whole presents a concentric distribution, and there is also a phenomenon of small-scale centralized distribution in the peripheral areas. However, both industries have a trend of further suburbanization, which also leads to a decline in the degree of agglomeration in both industries, but this does not change the nature of the concentration of the consulting industry in the urban areas is much higher than the situation of the pharmaceutical industry. Among the influencing factors of spatial distribution, good policy environment promotes both industries. Pharmaceutical enterprises attach great importance to scientific research resources of talents, while consulting enterprises attach importance to urbanization agglomeration factors and can afford higher land rent. Through the case study of knowledge-intensive manufacturing and knowledge-intensive services, it can be found that both of them are in terms of industrial division and collaboration, spatial distribution and their influencing factors. Both in Shanghai metropolitan area presents a relatively good coordinated development situation.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F427;F719

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