社会资本对黑河流域生态恢复支付意愿的影响

发布时间：2018-01-19 06:18

本文关键词： 社会资本支付意愿 Mixed Logit Ordered Probit　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生态系统对人类的生存与发展有重要作用,其为人类提供能量、循环物质及传递信息。基于生态系统因过度开发利用而逐渐丧失功能、影响居民生活及社会生产的现状,结合社会经济发展能力,为提高社会整体福利,国家展开各项生态恢复工程。但是,实践证明仅仅依靠政府力量,仍然无法有效实现全面生态恢复;高效系统的生态恢复工程需要政府、公民与社区及相关组织的协调参与;国家的生态恢复工程往往因忽略了居民偏好的异质性而不能调动居民参与积极性;社会资本在生态恢复过程协调化解个体间、群体间及个体与群体间利益矛盾中扮演着越来越重要的角色;鉴于社会资本影响居民生态恢复支付意愿(需求)进而影响公众参与,并最终影响国家生态恢复工程实施效果,本文分城、乡居民两类群体研究个体社会资本对生态恢复支付意愿的影响。本文在了解国内外居民社会资本、生态恢复支付意愿及二者关系研究进展的基础上,通过条件价值评估法及选择实验法,构建有序Probit模型和Mixed logit模型,设计问卷进行调查,区分城市与农村居民,测度居民社会资本,测算黑河流域居民对生态整体及属性恢复的支付意愿,研究社会资本及其维度对生态整体及属性恢复支付意愿的影响程度及方向,分析社会资本对因城乡居民生态偏好异质性而导致的利益矛盾协调作用。本文得出的结论主要有以下四方面:(1)城镇与农村居民社会资本及维度对生态整体恢支付意愿影响不尽相同。城镇居民社会资本对生态整体恢复支付意愿具有显著正向影响,但是农村社会资本的对生态恢复支付意愿影响不显著;社会规范对居民生态整体恢复支付意愿具有显著的负向影响;社会网络和社会声望对居民生态整体恢复支付意愿具有显著正向影响;社会参与和社会信任对城市居民支付意愿具有显著正向影响,但是对农村居民支付意愿影响不显著。(2)城镇与农村居民社会资本维度对生态属性恢复影响具有差异性。城镇居民个体社会资本及其规范、信任、参与、声望未能显著影响生态各属性恢复支付意愿,但是,社会网络影响城镇居民对农田灌溉保障率的支付意愿;农村居民个体社会资本及其维度社会声望未能显著影响生态各属性恢复支付意愿,但是,社会规范、网络、参与、信任维度显著影响生态各属性恢复支付意愿。(3)社会资本维度尤其是社会网络维度能够协调城乡两类居民因生态属性恢复支付意愿差异而造成的利益冲突。mixed logit模型以及隐含价格测算结果均表明城镇居民对非生产性生态属性恢复需求高于农村居民;相比之下,农村居民对生产性生态属性恢复需求高于城镇居民;社会网络能够促进城镇居民为更高生产属性农田灌溉保障率投资,增加农村居民对改善水质及更高非生产属性的扬沙天数投资,体现出社会网络的利益协调功能。(4)居民社会资本及部分维度能够为政府减少生态恢复工程的成本,降低政府协调城乡居民偏好差异费用。有序Probit模型表明社会资本及其部分维度能够促进居民产生生态友好行为,约束居民的生态破坏行为;Mixed logit模型表明社会网络能够协调城乡居民生态恢复差异化偏好;两种模型都表明社会资本及其部分维度能够降低政府与社区生态管理的成本及费用。
[Abstract]:Have an important role in the survival and development of the ecological system of human beings, which provide energy for human, material circulation and transfer of information ecosystem. Due to excessive exploitation and the gradual loss of function based on the situation of residents' life and social production, combined with the social and economic development, in order to improve the welfare of society as a whole, the country launched the ecological restoration project. However, practice has proved that only rely on the strength of the government, still can not effectively realize the comprehensive ecological restoration; efficient system of ecological restoration engineering needs the government, citizens and the coordination community and the relevant organizations in the country; the ecological restoration projects are often ignored residents preference heterogeneity and unable to mobilize residents to participate in the recovery process in the coordination of social capital; to resolve the ecological individual, plays an increasingly important role between groups and between the individual and group interests contradiction; in view of social capital. Local residents' willingness to pay for ecological restoration (demand) and effect of public participation, and ultimately affect the national ecological restoration project implementation effect, the effect of city, rural residents in two groups of individual social capital willingness to pay for ecological recovery. Based on the understanding of domestic and foreign residents' social capital, ecological restoration and research progress of the relationship between the intention and the payment of two who, through the contingent valuation method and experimental method, construct the ordered Probit model and Mixed logit model, design the questionnaire, the difference between city and rural residents, the residents to measure the social capital, the willingness to pay estimates Heihe basin on ecological restoration and overall properties, the research of social capital and its dimensions of ecological integrity and property the degree and direction of influence of the willingness to pay for recovery, the analysis of social capital on urban and rural residents caused by ecological preference heterogeneity conflicts of interest coordination At the conclusion of the paper includes the following four aspects: (1) urban and rural residents and social capital dimensions of the overall ecological restoration effect is not the same as the willingness to pay of urban residents. The social capital has significant positive effect on the willingness to pay for ecological restoration, but the rural social capital on the ecological restoration of the willingness to pay is not significantly affected social norms; the whole ecological restoration residents willingness to pay has a significant negative impact; social network and social reputation of the residents' ecological overall recovery has significant positive influence willingness to pay; social participation and social trust has significant positive effects on city residents' willingness to pay, but for rural residents' willingness to pay is not significantly affected. (2) urban and rural residents dimensions of social capital has the difference of ecological restoration effects. Attributes of individual social capital and the standard of urban residents, trust, participation, prestige not significant The effects of various attributes of ecological restoration of willingness to pay, but the willingness to pay on the rate of farmland irrigation guarantee for urban residents social network effect; rural residents individual social capital and the dimension of social prestige failed to significantly affect the properties of ecological restoration of willingness to pay, however, social norms, networks, participation, trust dimensions significantly affect the properties of ecological restoration of willingness to pay. (3) dimensions of social capital especially the conflict of interest.Mixed logit model of social network dimensions can coordinate urban and rural residents due to two kinds of ecological property recovery caused by the difference of the willingness to pay and the implicit price calculation results show that the urban residents of non productive ecological restoration property demand is higher than rural residents; in contrast, the rural residents of the productive ecological recovery properties the demand is higher than that of urban residents; social network can promote the urban residents for higher production of irrigation guarantee rate of investment property The capital, increase rural residents to improve water quality and higher production properties of sand blowing days of investment, which reflects the social network coordination function. (4) the residents of social capital and some factors to reduce the government ecological restoration project cost, reduce the urban and rural residents, government coordination preference ordered Probit model shows that the differences of the cost and. The dimension of social capital can promote residents to produce eco friendly behavior, ecological destruction behavior constraint residents; Mixed logit model shows that social networks can coordinate the ecological restoration of urban and rural residents difference preference; two models show that some of its dimensions of social capital can reduce the costs and expenses of the government and the community of ecological management.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.4;F205

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