人力资本结构与创新

发布时间：2018-01-23 06:43

本文关键词： 人力资本结构教育劳动力市场创新　出处：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：教育的核心经济功能就在于扩大劳动力市场上的人力资本规模和提高其质量,促进经济的增长和创新。但许多经验分析的结果却显示,伴随中国教育发展和人力资本积累,创新表现不足。人力资本的创新效力在理论与经验方面的不一致是本文研究的出发点。基于中国教育发展的实际,本文按照教育财政承担力度将人力资本划分为高等教育人力资本、高中阶段教育人力资本和义务教育人力资本,运用DEA-Tobit两步法分析我国平均人力资本结构对创新的作用,并对比一般性三级教育结构形成的人力资本结构和整体人力资本水平对创新的影响。回归结果显示:1.无论哪种结构划分,高等教育人力资本均对创新具有显著促进作用,中国与国际经验一致;2.就我国现阶段而言,高中阶段教育人力资本也对创新具有显著促进作用,但影响程度小于高等教育人力资本,理论与经验一致;3.就人力资本利用而言,高等教育人力资本促进创新的机制是将其配置到更有效率的非国有部门,反映了创新是教育与劳动力市场共同作用结果;4.中等教育与初等教育人力资本对创新的作用均不显著,整体人力资本水平对创新促进作用远远小于高等教育和高中阶段教育人力资本,这可能反映了以平均受教育年限测度的人力资本难以真实反映人力资本效力。
[Abstract]:The core of the economic function of education is to expand the labor market on human capital scale and improve its quality, promote economic growth and innovation. But many empirical analysis results show that with Chinese education development and human capital accumulation, innovation performance. Innovation of human capital effect in the theory and experience of inconsistent the point of this paper. The actual Chinese education based on the development of education, according to the intensity of financial commitment to human capital is divided into human capital of higher education, high school education compulsory education human capital and human capital, using DEA-Tobit two step analysis of the average human capital structure of our country of innovation, the influence of human capital structure and the overall level of human capital compared with general education of three level structure on the formation of innovation. The results showed: 1. no matter what kind of the structure of Higher Education Education human capital has significant effect on innovation, Chinese in line with international experience; 2. in the present stage of our country, high school education human capital has significant positive effect on innovation, but the influence is smaller than the higher education human capital, theory and experience; 3. is the use of human capital, human capital and promote higher education innovation mechanism is configured into the non state sector more efficient, reflects the innovation education and the labor market is the interaction result; 4. secondary education and elementary education human capital on innovation are not significant, the overall level of human capital to promote the innovation of higher education is far less than high school education and human capital, which may in order to reflect the average education measure of human capital is difficult to truly reflect the human capital effect.

【作者单位】：中国劳动关系学院高职学院;北京师范大学劳动力市场研究中心;北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院;
【基金】：中国劳动保障科学研究院科研合作竞选项目“‘大众创业万众创新’对完善劳动关系协调机制的影响与挑战”(LKY-2016jx-17)
【分类号】：F249.21;F124.3
【正文快照】： 一、引言理论上,人力资本促进创新放之四海皆准,而教育的核心经济功能就在于扩大劳动力市场上的人力资本规模和提高其质量,促进经济的增长和创新,即教育与劳动力市场共同培养创新性人才(赖德胜,2011)。正如美国教育经济学家卡诺依指出:教育经济学的核心在于教育与劳动力市场的

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