中国地区间工资差异影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 23:13

本文选题：地区间工资差异　切入点：泰尔指数　出处：《浙江工商大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着市场经济的发展及国家经济总量的持续高位增长,我国在经济发展的领域取得了惊人的成绩。伴随着经济增长,我国人均收入也不断提升,同时收入差距的问题也越来越受到关注。构成国内居民收入差距主要有城乡收入差距、地区收入差距和行业收入差距,而这其中的地区收入差距是关系到我国经济均衡健康发展的关键因素。经济发展不均衡地区收入差距的扩大很可能会引发社会稳定问题。因此,在全面建设小康社会和构建社会主义和谐社会的新形势下,必须充分认识和全面把握地区工资不平等的重要性。因此,本文以我国1995-2013年的省级面板数据考察了我国地区间工资差异的影响因素,进而提出有利于缩小差异的政策建议。本文分析了我国地区工资差异的现状。首先描述了我国基尼系数从1995-2013年的变化趋势,衡量了我国整体的工资水平差距；然后通过全国各省市的平均工资从整体分析比较了我国工资水平的现状,并比较分析了三大地区间工资水平的差异；最后运用极值法、泰尔指数等分析了我国三大地区间工资差异的变化趋势。研究分析发现,近年来我国依然存在着地区工资差异,但整体趋势是收敛的。接着本文从理论上定性的分析了影响中国地区间工资水平差异的因素。首先从理论上分析了经济增长与地区间工资差距的关系,其次分别从经济外向度、经济结构、区位条件、教育因素、政策制度及人文因素等角度定性地阐述了地区间工资差距形成的原因。通过定性的分析上述因素对地区间工资差异的影响,本文选取了最为突出的影响因素资本投入、教育水平、国际贸易、外商直接投资(FDI)、教育水平、基础设施等作为解释变量,建立整体样本和三大地区子样本的面板数据模型,分析各因素对地区间工资差异的影响。对整体样本研究分析,发现工资水平受到资本投入、教育水平、国际贸易、产业结构等因素的影响。在对分地区三大子样本研究时,由于东、中和西部地区自身发展条件,自然禀赋及经济政策有所不同,各个因素在不同地区的具体作用和对工资的影响有所不同。实证的最后结论是加大对中西部地区的资本投入和提高中西部地区的教育水平也可以有效缩小地区工资差异；同时促进中西部地区的产业结构优化升级也可以提高其工资水平,缩小与东部地区工资水平的差距。最后在实证结论的基础上,提出了缩小地区间工资差距相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of market economy and the sustained high growth of national economic aggregate, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of economic development. At the same time, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of income gap. The income gap among domestic residents is mainly composed of urban-rural income gap, regional income gap and industry income gap. The regional income gap is the key factor related to the balanced and healthy development of China's economy. The widening of the income gap in the unbalanced region of economic development is likely to lead to social stability problems. Under the new situation of building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a harmonious socialist society, the importance of regional wage inequality must be fully understood and grasped. Based on the provincial panel data from 1995 to 2013 in China, this paper examines the influencing factors of wage differences among regions in China. The paper analyzes the current situation of the regional wage gap in China. Firstly, it describes the change trend of the Gini coefficient from 1995 to 2013, and measures the wage gap in China as a whole. Then through the national average wage of provinces and cities from the overall analysis of the status quo of wage levels, and comparative analysis of the three major regions of the wage level differences; finally, the use of extreme value method, The Terre index analyzes the trend of wage differences among the three major regions in China. The analysis shows that there are still regional wage differences in China in recent years. However, the overall trend is convergent. Then, this paper qualitatively analyzes the factors that affect the wage level difference among regions in China. Firstly, the relationship between economic growth and regional wage gap is analyzed theoretically, and then the degree of economic extroversion is analyzed respectively. From the angle of economic structure, location condition, education factor, policy system and humanistic factor, this paper qualitatively expounds the reasons for the formation of the wage gap among regions, and through the qualitative analysis of the influence of the above factors on the wage difference among regions, This paper selects the most prominent influencing factors such as capital investment, education level, international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), education level, education level and infrastructure as explanatory variables, and establishes panel data model of the whole sample and three sub-samples. This paper analyzes the influence of various factors on the wage difference between regions. Through the analysis of the whole sample, it is found that the wage level is affected by the factors such as capital input, education level, international trade, industrial structure, and so on. Due to the development conditions of the eastern, central and western regions, natural endowments and economic policies are different. The final conclusion of the empirical study is that increasing the capital investment in the central and western regions and improving the education level of the central and western regions can also effectively reduce the regional wage gap; At the same time, promoting the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure in the central and western regions can also raise the wage level and narrow the wage gap with the eastern region. Finally, on the basis of the empirical conclusions, the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward to reduce the wage gap between the regions.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F249.24

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