基本公共服务均等化对新疆城镇化的影响

发布时间：2018-03-23 05:00

本文选题：新疆　切入点：基本公共服务均等化　出处：《新疆财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新世纪以来,新疆在西部大开发、对口援疆政策支持下取得了较快发展。2013年习近平总书记提出了丝绸之路经济带的整体概念。2015年丝绸之路经济带发展愿景出台,新疆位于战略核心区,区位优势独特明显,政策支持力度空前,这对于新疆的公共基础服务的发展既是机遇又是挑战。新疆的机遇在于各地州可以充分利用“丝绸之路经济带”的契机提升城市和乡村的基本公共服务的水平,并在此基础上提高新疆各地州的城镇化水平;挑战在于如何把握政策红利促进基本公共服务均等化,营造良好的社会环境和自然环境,实现人和自然的和谐发展、民族团结稳定。在新疆城镇化进程中出现大中小城市发展不协调的局面。大量资源流入个别大城市,大城市出现城市病;相反,中小城市发展却缺乏资源、缺乏动力。在吸取城镇化建设经验教训的基础上,本文认为提高基本公共服务均等化水平可以促使资源分流,这既可以避免或者缓解城市病,又推动中小城市的发展,最终形成大中小城市协调发展的局面。梳理以往的研究文献,大多数的研究结果都表明新疆的基本公共服务水平不高。从新疆各地州的差距看,经济发展水平高的地州其基本公共服务水平高;经济发展水平低的地州其基本公共服务水平低。新疆基本公共服务的差异程度在地理上可以按照南北疆来划分,南疆各地州的基本公共服务水平差异较小,而且其基本公共服务水平较低;北疆各地州的基本公共服务水平较高且差异大。随着国家政策的支持和地方政府的努力,新疆的基本公共服务水平逐年提高,但仍然处于较低水平,还需要国家政策的大力的支持和当地经济水平的快速发展。当前新疆处于城镇化建设快速发展的进程中,经济发展水平的高低是决定基本公共服务水平的重要因素,反过来基本公共服务水平的提高也能促进城镇化水平的提高。因此,研究在加快城镇化发展的进程中,提高基本公共服务均等化对于城镇化的影响就很有理论意义和实践意义。本文以福利经济学为理论基础,分析了基本公共服务均等化对新疆城镇化的影响。基本公共服务均等化促使人口与资源分流,避免城市病。基本公共服务均等化使公共资源合理地配置,有利于中小城镇形成产业集聚,而产业集聚将为城镇化发展提供产业支撑。基本公共服务均等化还有利于中心城市更好的发挥辐射作用,有利于中小城市承接大城市的产业转移,并形成对大城市配套的产业,而城镇化的发展又将为基本公共服务水平的提高提供经济支撑。因此,本文基于上述基本公共服务均等化与城镇化的理论基础,依据全面性、统一性、代表性、实际可操作性和可获得性原则选取了十五个地州的十三年数据验证两者的关系。考虑到数据的可得性,本文选取的基本公共服务指标有各城镇基础设施、人均财政支出、人均财政收入、在岗工人人均工资、各地州高校在校学生数、各地州高校师生比、每万人拥有的医生数和每万人拥有的医疗床位数。通过简单均值、标准差和变异系数分析,发现各地州的基础设施之间差异很小,基础设施越是齐全,城镇化水平越高,但基本公共服务的其它方面差异很大。表现出基本公共服务水平与城镇化水平的同方向变化,根据模型输出影响系数可知基本公共服务均等化能够促进新疆城镇化率的提高。本文使用十五个地州在2001年-2013年时间序列上的面板数据,经过检验构建个体随机变量模型。模型分析的结果表明基本公共服务对新疆城镇化的影响是显著的。在所选的七个指标中,呈现显著性的是新疆城镇人均财政收入、新疆城镇人均财政支出、在岗职工人均工资、新疆各地州高校在校学生数、新疆各地州每万人拥有的医生数和新疆各地州每万人拥有的医疗床位数。在六个显著性指标里,各个指标的影响系数良好,每项指标的改善都将促进城镇化的发展。在六项显著性指标里,有三项指标为负数。本文分析出现负数的系数原因主要在于增长速度不同。本文依据实证分析,从财政收支、医疗教育和住房与户籍四个大方面提出了基本公共服务均等化推动新疆城镇化的政策。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, Xinjiang in the western development, Yuanjiang policy support has achieved rapid development in.2013 General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the overall concept of.2015 Silk Road Economic Belt years Silk Road Economic Belt vision introduced, Xinjiang is located in the core area of strategic location, unique advantages, policy support is unprecedented, this for the basic public service of Xinjiang's development is both opportunities and challenges. Xinjiang's opportunity lies in the basic public services around the state can make full use of the "Silk Road Economic Belt" the opportunity to improve the city and country level, and on this basis to improve the level of urbanization in Xinjiang around the state; the challenge is how to grasp the dividend policy to promote the equal basic public services, to create a good social environment and natural environment, realize the harmonious development of man and nature, national unity and stability. The process occurred in Xinjiang town Medium and small city development situation. A large number of individual resources into the big city, big city urban diseases; on the contrary, small and medium-sized city development is the lack of resources, lack of power. In the foundation of urbanization construction experience and lessons, this paper argues that to improve the equalization of basic public service level can promote resource diversion, which can avoid or to alleviate urban diseases, and promote the development of small and medium-sized city, and ultimately the formation of the coordinated development of small city situation. Combing the research literature in the past, most of the research results show that the basic public service level in Xinjiang is not high. From around Xinjiang gap, high level of economic development in the high level of public services; the low level of economic development in the basic public service level is low. The difference degree of Xinjiang basic public services can be divided according to the southern and Northern Xinjiang geographically, the southern prefectures The difference of the basic public service level is relatively small, but the basic public service level is low; around the northern state level of basic public services is high and the difference is large. With the support of national policy and the efforts of the local government, the level of basic public services in Xinjiang increased year by year, but still at a low level, the rapid development also needs the national policy the strong support and local economic level. The current Xinjiang in the rapid development of urbanization process, the level of economic development is an important factor to determine the level of basic public services, in turn, raise the level of basic public services can also promote the improvement of the level of urbanization. Therefore, the research on accelerating the development of urbanization and improve the equalization of basic public services for the influence of urbanization is of theoretical significance and practical significance. This paper based on the theories of welfare economics, analysis The equalization of basic public services of Xinjiang urbanization. The equalization of basic public services to the population and resources distribution, to avoid urban diseases. The equalization of basic public services to make reasonable allocation of public resources, is conducive to the formation of small and medium-sized towns and industrial agglomeration, industrial agglomeration for urbanization development to provide equal access to basic public services industry support. There is conducive to the center of the city to better play the role of radiation, conducive to the small and medium-sized city big city to undertake industrial transfer, and the formation of large city supporting industry, and the development of urbanization and the level of basic public services to provide economic support. Therefore, the theoretical basis of the equalization of basic public services and urbanization based on the basis of a comprehensive, unified, representative, practical operability and availability of the selection principle of the relationship between the thirteen data verify these fifteen prefectures. Taking into account the availability of data, this paper selects the basic public service index of the urban infrastructure, per capita financial expenditure, per capita income, per capita wage of workers, the number of students around the State University, university teachers and students around the state, the number of doctors and medical beds per million people have bits per million people. Through a simple analysis of the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation, differences were found between the infrastructure of the state is very small, the infrastructure is more complete, the higher level of urbanization, but other aspects of the difference of basic public services. The level of basic public services and the level of urbanization and the changes in the same direction, according to the model output equal effect the basic public service coefficient that can promote the urbanization rate of Xinjiang is improved. We use panel data of fifteen regions in 2001 -2013 year time series, through the construction of individual random inspection Variable model. The model analysis results show that the effect of the basic public services of Xinjiang urbanization is significant. In the selected seven indicators, showing significant is the per capita income of Xinjiang Town, Xinjiang town per capita expenditure, per capita wages of workers in Xinjiang, the number of college students around the state of Xinjiang, around the state each million people have the number of doctors and around Xinjiang medical beds per million people have six significant digits. In the index, the influence coefficient of each index, each index improvement will promote the development of urbanization. In six significant indexes, three indexes are negative. This paper analysis the negative coefficient reason mainly lies in the different growth rate. On the basis of empirical analysis, from four aspects of fiscal revenue and expenditure, medical education and housing census register and put forward the equalization of basic public services to promote the urbanization in Xinjiang Policy.

【学位授予单位】：新疆财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.27

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